IN THE KNOW Vol 3

IN THE KNOW DECENTRALIZED FINANCE & CENTRAL BANK DIGITAL CURRENCIES

ISSUE 3

A PRODUCT FROM

IN THE KNOW

ISSUE 3 | DECENTRALIZED FINANCE & CENTRAL BANK DIGITAL CURRENCIES

At St. Cloud Financial Credit Union, the Executive Team and Board of Directors are dedicated to actively listening to our valued members. As a not-for-profit financial cooperative, we have the unique advantage of being able to diversify our offerings to cater to the needs of a wide range of individuals, rather than just a select few. It is this spirit of attentiveness to our members that inspired us to launch our educational publication, "IN THE KNOW: Web3 Technology & The Digital Transformation of Money." Through our annual survey, we discovered that approximately one-fourth (20%) of respondents expressed a This demand for information from our members, coupled with the anticipated technological advancements over the next five years, reminded us of our responsibility to act as financial educators. Furthermore, the Board of Directors, in collaboration with the Executive Team, has formulated a Digital Asset Strategy to pave the way forward. strong desire for more information on Digital Assets (Crypto), Blockchain, and Web3. These individuals either owned crypto, planned to invest, or wanted to learn more about the tokenized industry before investing. 1. Listen to our members 2. Educate members, staff, and the community 3. Safe Storage of Member Digital Assets (Coming Soon “CU – Digital Asset Vault”™) 4. Transactional capabilities for members to buy & sell Digital Assets Rooted in the needs and desires of our members, this strategy encompasses four key pillars: We recognize that not all members may have an interest in learning about or engaging with the Blockchain and Digital Asset (Crypto) space, either currently or in the future, as we might anticipate. Just like with any other product or content we introduce. We understand and respect that individual preferences and interests may vary. However, considering the significant member interest in this area and the abundance of publications from esteemed financial authorities, such as the NCUA, in recent years, we believe it is our responsibility to offer impartial, fact-based education for the sole purpose of facilitating learning. We neither advocate for nor oppose blockchain, digital assets, or cryptocurrencies. Our objective is to equip our members with knowledge surrounding a subject that could potentially impact all of us to varying degrees as we progress forward. We are steadfast in our commitment to consistently serve our members and adapt to their needs, both in the present and the future. Since our inception, we have diligently managed our members' wealth and acted as a trusted custodian of their value as needed. Regardless of the size or scale of your assets, it is our duty to empower you in safeguarding the rewards of your hard work today and for years to come!

DEFI: A REVOLUTION IN DECENTRALIZED FINANCE

Decentralized Finance, or DeFi, is redefining the financial landscape. Built on blockchain, DeFi sidesteps traditional intermediaries like banks and brokers, offering a more democratized financial ecosystem.

Key Features of DeFi: Open Access: DeFi is available to anyone with an internet connection, democratizing financial access. 1. Custodial Freedom: Users maintain control of their assets via digital wallets, bypassing traditional banking systems. 2. Interoperability: DeFi apps can seamlessly integrate, enabling a tailored financial experience. 3.

Through smart contracts, DeFi automates and innovates financial transactions, offering new methodologies for earning, borrowing, lending, and trading assets. Yet, with innovation comes risk, emphasizing the need for user vigilance.

ISSUE 3 | DECENTRALIZED FINANCE & CENTRAL BANK DIGITAL CURRENCIES

CBDCS: A DOUBLE-EDGED SWORD

Central Bank Digital Currencies (CBDCs) are digital counterparts to traditional fiat currencies, issued and overseen by national central banks. The U.S. CBDC, for instance, would be a digital dollar controlled by the Federal Reserve.

Key Aspects of CBDCs: Government Backing: Unlike volatile cryptocurrencies, CBDCs have stable value, backed by their respective governments. 1. Digital Ledger Tech: Though centralized, CBDCs may employ blockchain or similar technology for enhanced security. 2. Financial Inclusion: They aim to incorporate more individuals into the formal financial system, addressing banking deserts. 3.

But beneath these benefits lie significant concerns:

Privacy Implications: A U.S. CBDC could grant unprecedented surveillance capabilities to the Federal Reserve, potentially allowing them to monitor every digital transaction. This could lead to erosion of financial privacy, with citizens having little to no anonymity in their economic activities. Centralized Wealth Control: With the adoption of a CBDC, local community banks and credit unions could face existential threats. Central banks might exert more control, diminishing the ability for communities to store and manage their wealth locally. This centralization can jeopardize local financial empowerment and decision-making.

ISSUE 3 | DECENTRALIZED FINANCE & CENTRAL BANK DIGITAL CURRENCIES

DEFI, CBDCS, AND THE BALANCE OF POWER

DeFi and CBDCs represent contrasting visions of the financial future. DeFi’s decentralized ethos offers a counter-narrative to CBDCs’ potential for centralization and surveillance.

Concerns and Considerations:

1.Enhanced Oversight: If CBDCs become dominant, central banks could have an alarming level of insight and control over individual and community financial activities .

2.Undermining Local Institutions: CBDCs could endanger local financial institutions, which have traditionally played crucial roles in community development and support.

3.DeFi as a Counterbalance: DeFi platforms could act as safeguards against centralization, offering platforms where transactions are transparent, but identities remain protected.

In sum, the interplay of DeFi and CBDCs presents both opportunities and threats. As the landscape evolves, it’s essential for citizens to stay informed and advocate for financial systems that prioritize both innovation and individual rights.

ISSUE 3 | DECENTRALIZED FINANCE & CENTRAL BANK DIGITAL CURRENCIES

UNDERSTANDING DEFI: A GUIDE FOR CREDIT UNION MEMBERS

Decentralized Finance, often referred to as DeFi, represents a transformative shift in the financial landscape. Through the power of blockchain technology, DeFi presents a system where intermediaries like banks or brokers are bypassed. What is DeFi? An ecosystem of financial applications constructed on blockchain. With its open- access nature, DeFi challenges the traditional finance model, advocating for a system free from intermediaries.

How Does DeFi Operate? Using smart contracts, primarily on the Ethereum blockchain, DeFi platforms ensure transactions are self-executing when certain criteria are fulfilled. Key Components of DeFi: Lending Platforms: Facilitate lending and borrowing. Decentralized Exchanges (DEXs): Permit direct crypto trading. Stablecoins: Offer stability in the crypto market by tying their value to fiat currencies. Yield Farming & Liquidity Mining: Strategies to maximize returns. The Advantages: DeFi promises accessibility, transparency, user control, and interoperability, potentially revolutionizing the financial sector.

ISSUE 3 | DECENTRALIZED FINANCE & CENTRAL BANK DIGITAL CURRENCIES

UNDERSTANDING DEFI: A GUIDE FOR CREDIT UNION MEMBERS CONT. However, Caution is Advised: Users should be aware of potential smart contract failures, liquidity issues, and regulatory uncertainties. As the digital realm permeates every aspect of society, even national currencies are not immune. Enter CBDCs, the digital version of national currencies, supervised by central banks.

Defining CBDC: It’s a state-sanctioned digital currency, retaining the characteristics of traditional money, but in a digital form. Why the Momentum Towards CBDCs? From enhancing financial inclusivity to refining transactional efficiency, CBDCs have a lot to offer. Additionally, they promise improved security and can be a potent tool for economic policy implementations.

Varieties of CBDCs: Retail CBDCs: Intended for the general populace, mirroring physical cash. Wholesale CBDCs: Designed for interbank processes.

Recognizing the Merits: Beyond the cost-effective and traceable nature of transactions, CBDCs also bolster security and financial stability.

ISSUE 3 | DECENTRALIZED FINANCE & CENTRAL BANK DIGITAL CURRENCIES

UNDERSTANDING DEFI: A GUIDE FOR CREDIT UNION MEMBERS CONT. Yet, Concerns Abound: The traceability of CBDCs raises privacy alarms. Their introduction might also redefine the traditional banking model, not to mention the potential technological impediments some nations might face. Envisioning the CBDC Era: With multiple nations exploring CBDCs, the financial future seems poised for significant change. Staying updated on these developments is crucial for informed financial decision- making.

This publication by St. Cloud Financial Credit Union and/or its employees is not personalized investment advice and is provided without considering the recipients' individual investment objectives, intentions or means. It is intended solely for educational purposes and does not constitute a recommendation or endorsement of any kind. Any commentary expressed in this publication from St. Cloud Financial Credit Union and its employees, is solely for educational use and should not be relied upon as advice. St. Cloud Financial Credit Union and its employees cannot guarantee the validity or accuracy of the information.

ISSUE 3 | DECENTRALIZED FINANCE & CENTRAL BANK DIGITAL CURRENCIES

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