↤ Fotografía Cerro San Luis sacada en el mes de Octubre 2020. Photograph of San Luis Hill taken in October 2020.
recursos necesarios para tal empresa. Esto no implicaba construir casas de gran tamaño, sino que se trataba de casas bastante ajustadas a las necesidades propias de una familia, y que estaban dispuestas a escuchar nuevas propuestas y visiones arquitectónicas. Este punto será fundamental para entender el porqué se proyectó esta nueva arquitectura. En 1946 un grupo de estudiantes de la Facultad de Arquitectura de la Universidad de Chile propuso una “re- forma” al sistema educativo. En esta se rebelaban contra la enseñanza clásica cuyo origen estaba en la Escuela de Bellas Artes de París, y rechazaban los textos de estudio
a house under these conditions implied accepting other ways of living, different from the traditional ones to which they were accustomed. The challenge was how to build a house that could be accommodated on a slope, capture most of the city´s views, and allow the new user to inhabit that slope. The profile of most of these clients consisted of young professionals with the necessary resources for such a venture. These resources did not imply building large houses, but rather houses that were quite suited to family needs, and that they were willing to listen to new architectural proposals and visions. This point will be fundamental to understand why this new architecture was projected. In 1946, a group of students from the University of Chile's School of Architecture proposed a "reform" of the educational system. In this reform, they rebelled against classical teaching, which originated in the School of Fine Arts in Paris, and rejected the textbooks of classical au- thors such as Vignola, Gaudet, and Vitrubio's illustra- tions. This reform had begun to take shape several years earlier without the university authorities giving it the importance it deserved, but it was in this year when they decided that students entering the architecture career had to take an entrance exam, which triggered a bigger fight by the students. Both professors and students took the new architecture in Europe as a reference, led by Le Corbusier, Mies Van der Rohe, and Walter Gropius with the Bauhaus, among others. In Chile, professors such as Waldo Parraguéz, Enrique Pérez, Jorge González, San- tiago Aguirre, and Ventura Galván, together with Tibor Weiner (a former Bauhaus professor from Hungry), were in charge of teaching at the University of Chile. The key was ARQuitectura magazine N° 1 in August 1935, where its two directors Waldo Parraguéz and Enrique Gebhard under the title "We declare", formulated eight principles, several of which adjusted to the thought of Le Corbusier. The result was that the generation of architects educated under this new reform began to graduate in early 1953. Although this phenomenon began at the University of Chile,
de autores como Vignola, Gaudet y las láminas de Vitrubio. Esta reforma había comenzado a ges- tarse varios años antes sin que las autoridades universitarias le dieran la importancia que mere- cía, pero fue en este año, cuando se decidió tomar un examen de admisión a los alumnos que in- gresaban a la carrera de arquitectura, lo que gati- lló una lucha más fuerte por parte del alumnado. Tanto profesores como estudiantes tomaban como referencia la nueva arquitectura en Europa, liderada por Le Corbu- sier, Mies Van der Rohe y Walter Gropius con la Bauhaus, entre otros. En Chile, profesores como Waldo Parraguéz, Enri- que Pérez, Jorge Gonzá-
no implicaba construir casas de gran tamaño, sino que se trataba de casas bastante ajustadas a las necesidades propias de una familia, y que estaban dispuestas a escuchar nuevas propuestas y visiones arquitectónicas. este punto será fundamental para entender el por qué se proyectó esta nueva arquitectura. these resources did not imply building large houses, but rather houses that were quite suited to family needs, and that they were willing to listen to new architectural proposals and visions. this point will be fundamental to understand why this new architecture was projected.
↦ 77
Movimiento Moderno / Modern Movement
Made with FlippingBook Online newsletter maker