OKC MAPS PROJECTS – 25 YEARS
Employment Growth - ZIP Codes Figure 35 provides an additional view of employment trends using the four ZIP codes in the downtown study area – 73102, 73103, 73104, and 73106. ZIP Code Business Patterns data is especially informative because it provides a longer historical view of trends across the 1994 to 2016 period. The database also tracks the number business establishments and amount of payroll paid by firms within each ZIP code. The use of ZIP codes further maintains continuity with several findings in the 2009 report. Employment . ZIP code-based employment estimates for the study area are detailed in panel A of Figure 35. As with the LEHD dataset, the ZIP code analysis confirms a surge in hiring in recent years following an extended period of relatively stagnant business activity. Little net hiring growth took place in the study area from the Oil Bust in the early 1980s through the late 2000s. Total employment in the downtown study area has since posted strong gains following the end of the recent national recession in 2009. More than 8,800 jobs were added between 2009 and 2016, a 22% gain in the period. Total jobs in the four primary downtown ZIP codes surged to more than 48,716 in 2016. The job gain in the study area also far exceeds the reported 5.4% gain statewide, 7.7% gain countywide, and 7.6% gain for the metropolitan area in the 2009 to 2016 period using comparable measures. 42 The overall size and timing of job gains reported at the ZIP code level closely reflect the job gains reported in LEHD data at the Census tract level. The ZIP code data also confirm a strong hiring performance downtown relative to the broader regional economy. Earnings . Payroll at firms operating in the four primary ZIP codes similarly accelerated beginning in 2009 (see panel B of Figure 35). Total annual payroll increased from $2.2 billion in 2009 to more than $3.4 billion in 2016 – a 57% increase. Downtown far outpaced payroll gains across the broader region. The 57% gain downtown was more than double the 26.4% gain statewide, 27.8% gain countywide, and 26.8% gain in the metropolitan area in the period. Recent downtown payroll gains have also far exceeded historical gains. For comparison, payroll growth from 1995 to 2009 averaged 4.2% annually versus acceleration to 6.8% annually between 2009 and 2016. Again, some sluggishness is present in 2016 relative to 2015 but reflects the statewide oil and gas slowdown in the period. Payroll gains in the study area were more than double the pace of reported employment gains in the period. This has resulted in far higher pay per worker in the study area since 2009 (see panel D of Figure 35). Average payroll per worker increased from $54,600 in 2009 to $70,200 in 2016, a 29% gain in the period. For comparison, average pay per worker in the study area ($70,200) now far exceeds payroll per worker at the state ($42,042), county ($46,042), and metro ($43,061) levels. The annual pay premium per downtown area job is now 67% relative to the state, 52% relative to the county, and 63% relative to the metropolitan area.
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