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d. Place the piece of bread covered in chocolate frosting on top of the piece of bread on the plate, bread side touching the vanilla frosting. e. Repeat step d with the remaining piece of bread with vanilla frosting. f. Place the last piece of bread on top of the other pieces (the materials should look like a cake when assembled). 5. Once the materials are all assembled, allow each student to use a straw to poke through the bread and frosting from the top to the bottom. 6. Have them remove the straw from the bread and frosting. 7. Have students discuss and record their observations in their interactive notebooks. 8. Discuss students' observations as a class. 9. Explain to students that observing something in multiple layers can help us understand the object better. This is how GIS technology works. 10.Read the article. While students are reading the article, project the image “Visual Representation of Themes in a GIS.” Students will use this image as a reference for the next activity. 11.Then, give each student three page protectors. Students will draw a different layer of a map of their school, home, community, or state on each of the page protectors. a. One map should include street data. b. One map should include building data. c. One map should include vegetation data. 12.After completing each map, have students layer their maps and glue them in their interactive notebooks. 13.This will provide them with an example of how GIS works. Article Assessment Questions: 1. What does GIS mean?
a. Global Information Systems b. Gateway Information Systems c. Geographic Information Systems d. Government Information Systems 2. Who uses GIS to observe endangered species? a. biologists
b. city planners c. archeologists d. county governments 3. Who uses GIS to create evacuation routes for natural hazards? a. biologists
b. city planners c. archeologists d. county governments
Materials Needed: 2-3 loaves of sandwich bread Three cans of chocolate frosting Three cans of vanilla frosting One bottle of green food dye (to dye the vanilla frosting green) Clear plastic straws Plastic spoons Paper or plastic plates Sheet protectors Geographic Skills | Week 6
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