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Mean values for length of deep sleep periods The literature (Dorffner, Vitr, & Anderer, 2015) provides the following age-dependent mean values for deep sleep periods of healthy subjects with application of AASM 2012 rules.
Age
Women
Men
40 years 60 years 80 years
99 minutes 94 minutes 90 minutes
84 minutes 69 minutes 55 minutes
Possible causes of non-restorative sleep in PAP therapy
Sub-optimum PAP therapy : In isolated cases moderately high AHIs or leakage values can disturb sleep; in such cases other events such as snoring, RERAs (Respi- ratory Effort-Related Arousals) and flow limitations should be investigated. In the case of increased central AHI (e.g., TECSA or treatment-emergent Central Sleep Apnea), the AcSV mode (prismaCR) should be used. Impairment caused by PAP therapy itself: Patients may be bothered by dry mouth, mask problems or the therapy pressure (Kasai T. et al., 2008). That applies especially to patients with anatomic narrowing of the upper airways (Park P. et al., 2017). If necessary, a change of mask should be made or a humidifier – additionally with heated tube system – should be used (Palm et al., 2017). Comorbidities: Diverse disorders such as insomnia (Björnsdóttir E. et al., 2013), (Philip et al., 2017), PLM (Mwenge G.B., Rougui I., & Rodenstein D., 2017), dia- betes, allergies, anemia, depression (Fernandez-Mendoza et al., 2015) can impair restorative sleep. They must be treated separately from respiratory disorders in order to improve sleep. The devices in the prisma series are distinguished by their very low operating sound and proven comfort functions. Furthermore, the pressure reaction in APAP mode is therapeutically effective without unnecessarily high pressure increases, according to an independent bench test (Isetta et al., 2016).
External factors: Sleep hygiene, stress, noise, diet, alcohol consumption, not enough sleeping time can likewise impair sleep‘s restorative power. These factors can be identified in a conversation with the patient and action taken to improve them.
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Sleep Quality in CPAP/APAPTherapy
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