Fuel Cell Challenges in the Automotive Industry Going from Fuel Cell to Stack to Fuel Cell System
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• System-level understanding. • Scaling up causes cell-to-cell non-uniformities in terms of reactants (air and fuel) delivery, water production and heat generation: • Instantaneous performance degradation and accelerated long-term degradation ( aging ). • Limited number of sensors . • Need multi-D control-oriented models and real-time control from limited sensing and data. 78
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