TIMELINE: ROLL CALL OF CHAPTERS IN THE CONTEXT OF THE STRUGGLE FOR SOCIAL JUSTICE AND RACIAL EQUITY
Governors of Georgia, Mississippi, South Caro- lina and Virginia agree to block integration of schools. — The policy of Massive Resistance is declared by a sitting U.S. Senator, followed by the Southern Manifesto supported by the entire congressional delegations of Alabama, Arkansas, Georgia, Louisi- ana, Mississippi, South Carolina and Virginia. — In Browder v. Gayle the Court strikes down Alabama laws requiring segregation of buses. — Federal marshals are re- quired in Montgomery to enforce the ruling.
∆Σ The Bishop College Chapter, the Delta Sigma of Kappa Alpha Psi is chartered. —
Alumni Chapters of Kappa Alpha Psi are
In Cooper v. Aaron , the U.S. Supreme Court affirmed that states are bound by the Court's decisions. — States actively resist Su- preme Court rulings. 1959 Alumni Chapters of Kap- pa Alpha Psi are chartered in the cities of Evanston (IL) and San Bernardino (CA). The Wichita State Uni- versity Chapter, the Delta Upsilon of Kappa Alpha Psi is chartered. — The Indiana Institute of Technology Chapter, the Delta Phi of Kappa Alpha Psi is chartered. — Alumni Chapters of Kap- pa Alpha Psi are chartered in the cities of Florence (SC), South Bend (IN) Ann Arbor- Ypsilanti-Inkster (MI) and Tuscaloosa (AL). — Bethel Baptist Church in Birmingham, AL is bombed by the KKK, kill- ing four girls. membership lists. — ∆Υ
chartered in the cities of Amarillo (TX) and Gain- vesville (FL). — The Southern Christian Leadership Conference is formed naming Dr. Martin Luther King, Jr. as chairman. The state senates of Georgia and Florida declare the Fourteenth and Fifteenth Amendments and deseg- regation decisions respec- tively "null and void." — The Civil Rights Act of 1957 is signed by Presi- dent Eisenhower. — When Komla Agbeli Gbedemah, Ghana's Fi- nance Minister, is refused service at a Dover, Del., restaurant, President Eisenhower hosts him for breakfast at the White House and apologizes. — Florida and Texas vote to close any school where federal troops are sent to enforce integration. — The Little Rock Central High School is integrated with the federal and na- tional guard escorting the Little Rock Nine.
Alumni Chapters of Kappa Alpha Psi are
chartered in the cities of Dover (DE), Grambling (LA), Martinsville (VA), New Haven (CT), Wewo- ka (OK) and Williamson (WV).
William F. "Bill" Russell (Gamma Alpha 1955) wins a gold medal in the 1956 Summer Olympics in Melbourne, Australia.
1956
∆Ρ The San Jose State Uni- versity Chapter, the Delta Rho of Kappa Alpha Psi is chartered. ∆Ο ∆Ξ The Albany State Univer- sity Chapter, the Delta Xi of Kappa Alpha Psi is chartered. — The University of Arizona Chapter, the Delta Omi- cron of Kappa Alpha Psi is chartered. — The Michigan State Uni- versity Chapter, the Delta Pi of Kappa Alpha Psi is chartered. — ∆Π
∆Τ 1957 The Miles College Chapter, the Delta Tau of Kappa Alpha Psi is chartered. — Robert "Bobby" Grier (Beta Epsilon 1957) breaks the color barrier with his at the 1956 Sugar Bowl. He was elected to the Sugar Bowl Hall of Fame in 2019.
1958
NAACP v. Alabama holds NAACP can function in state without releasing
34 | SPRING 2020 ♦ THE JOURNAL
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