Chapter 5 Threats
develop skeletal deformities, may swim in circles, and ultimately will die as a result of the disease. Spores are released back into sediments when fish die, thereby repeating the cycle (Ayre et al. 2014; Sarker et al. 2015). Eutrophic impoundments and organically enriched streams are thought to contribute to the infection cycle (Thompson 2011) because density of T.tubifex populations are greater when organic content in sediments is high (Robbins et al. 1989; DuBey and Caldwell 2003; DuBey 2006) . McGinnis and Kerans (2013) hypothesized that areas with higher residential, agricultural, and disturbed areas, higher road densities, and lower riparian cover would contribute sedimentation to trout waters that result in favorable habitat for Sludge Worms. 5.13.7 Pollinators – Anticipated Impacts Introduced pathogens from the commercial bumble bee industry are suspected as potential contributors to significant bumble bee declines throughout North America (Cameron et al. 2011; Colla et al. 2006; Otterstatter and Thomson 2008; Murray et al. 2013) . Declines in bumble bee species may be associated with the introduction of pathogens imported on a species of native bumble bee reared in Europe and reintroduced for pollination of crops in the United States (primarily for blueberry, cranberry, and greenhouse tomato production) (Cameron et al. 2011) . 5.13.8 SGCN Priority Species The Taxa Team evaluation considered the level of threat climate change represents to SGCN priority species. Lists of the SGCN and other priority species this threat is expected to have a very high or high impact on can be found in Table 5.13-1 Species at Risk of Impacts From Disease and Pathogens.
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2025 NC Wildlife Action Plan
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