Chapter 7 Monitoring
• Nest-monitoring plots: methods for locating nests and monitoring success (Martin et al. 1993) . Standardized methods and cues are described that aid in locating and monitoring nests of neotropical migratory birds to allow comparisons across studies in space and time. • Managing and monitoring birds using point counts: standards and applications (Ralph et al. 1995) . A summary of suggested standards for consistency between studies using point counts during the breeding season to track population trends or determine associations between birds and their habitats. • Monitoring Bird Populations by Point Counts (Ralph et al. 1997) . Contains, in part, papers presented at the Symposium on Monitoring Bird Population Trends by Point Counts, which was held November 6-7, 1991, in Beltsville, Md., in response to the need for standardization of methods to monitor bird populations by point counts.
7.2.4 Mammals • Indices for assessment and monitoring of large mammals within an adaptive
management framework (Boddicker et al. 2002) . The design, applicability and effectiveness of two indices applied within a framework of adaptive management. An occurrence index assesses the composition and distribution of large mammals at a site, and an abundance index monitors the abundance of large mammals over time in relation to development. • Field methods for studying Nutria (Meyer 2006) . Methods used for live-trapping, handling, and marking of animals strongly depend on the species considered and the circumstances at particular study sites. This paper provides a short overview on methods used for capturing and marking Nutrias, which may be appropriate for other aquatic mammals, and relates field experiences of the author. • Integration of automated detection methods into NOAA Southwest Fisheries Science Center (SWFSC) acoustic marine mammal monitoring protocol (Yack et al. 2009) . PAMGUARD 1.0 CORE software was evaluated for use in automated detection of cetacean acoustic signals. Three different detector configurations of PAMGUARD were evaluated. • Protocol for large-scale monitoring of riparian mammals (Lesmeister et al. 2011) . A large-scale monitoring protocol for populations of Beaver, American Mink, Muskrat, and North American River Otter. • Optimizing camera traps for monitoring small mammals (Glen et al. 2013) . Optimal specifications for a low-cost camera trap for small mammals. The factors tested were 1) trigger speed, 2) passive infrared vs. microwave sensor, 3) white vs. infrared flash, and 4) still photographs vs. video. A new approach was tested to standardize each camera’s
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2025 NC Wildlife Action Plan
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