Er Srbija u fokusu / Air Serbia close up
KAPETAN AVIONA ERBAS 320 Boris Vraneš Airbus 320 Captain
DA LI NISKE TEMPERATURE SMETAJU AVIONU? DO LOW TEMPERATURES BOTHER THE PLANE? I W
dok nama sneg i debeli minus na razne nači- ne utiču na život, avionima ne mogu ništa. Naš kapetan objašnjava da su niske temperature za avion zapravo prirodno okruženje. To ne iznenađuje jer na visinama na kojim avion leti (do 12.000 m) uvek su ni- ske temperature (-40 do -60 stepeni), čak i u najvre- lijim letnjim mesecima. Zanimljivo je da avionskim motorima izuzetno prija niska temperatura i da u ta- kvim uslovima imaju veću snagu i manju potrošnju goriva. U zimskim uslovima neophodno je da zemalj- ske službe, ukoliko postoje padavine, očiste pistu po veoma strogim standardima. Na aerodromima postoje čak i posebna vozila koja služe samo za merenje koeficijenta kočenja. Za odleđiva- nje aviona u vazduhu koristi se topao vazduh iz motora. Međutim, kada je avion na zemlji a na krilima se stvore naslage snega ili leda, potrebno je da se one uklone pre poletanja. Ova procedura zove se de-icing. To radi po- sebno obučeno zemaljsko osoblje sa specijalnim kami- onima i posebnom hemikalijom. U slučaju da su pada- vine i dalje u toku i postoje uslovi za zaleđivanje, na već očišćena krila dodaje se dodatna emulzija koja će štititi avion do poletanja (anti-icing). Posle poletanja ove funk- cije preuzimaju avionski sistemi.
hile snow and very low temperatures impact on our lives in various ways, they can’t do anything to the aer- oplanes. Our captain explains that low temperatures are actu- ally the natural environment for a plane. This is not surprising, given that at the altitude at which planes fly (up to 12,000 m) temperatures are always low (-40 to -60 degrees) even in the hottest summer months. Interestingly, aircraft engines really enjoy low temperatures and have higher power and lower fu- el consumption under such conditions. In wintry conditions, it is essential, in the case that there has been any precipitation, that ground staff clean the runway according to very strict standards. At airports there are even special vehicles used only for measuring the braking coefficient. Hot air from the engine is used to defrost aircraft in the air. However, when the aircraft is on the ground and layers of snow or ice appear on the wings, it is necessary to remove them prior to take-off. This proce- dure is called de-icing and is carried out by specially trained ground personnel, using special trucks and a special chemi- cal. In the event that precipitation is still falling and conditions exist for freezing to occur on already cleaned wings, an addi- tional emulsion is added that will protect the plane until take- off (anti-icing). After take-off, these functions are taken over by aircraft systems.
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