After Action Reviews (CONT’D FROM PAGE 22)
of the priceless, unspoken wisdom will already have been lost, perhaps forever. So, lead the AAR as soon as the proj- ect wraps. 3. Leader Vs. Facilitator Most leaders like to answer questions. Usually that’s a good thing. But not in an After Action Review. If you give in to the temptation to answer the questions, you’ll shut your team down until the only person talking is you. So, in an Af- ter Action Review, remember that the leader is the person who talks the least. Choose your AAR leaders accordingly. If you want a low-cost, low-risk way to build trust and expertise on your team, you will likely never find a more practical method than leading After Action Reviews. If the US Army has used them for 40+ years, just imagine what kind of value they could create for your team. About the Author: Jake Mazulewicz, Ph.D. shows leaders in high-hazard industries why errors are signals, not failures, and how to address the deeper problem, so that everyone can work more reliably and safely. He key- notes and advises globally.
• Soldiers are fond of sayings like, “No mission plan ever survives contact with reality” or “The planning is more valuable than the plan.” And in reality, the percentage of complex missions that go exactly according to plan is nearly 0%. Soldiers and other experts in complex, dynamic systems know that in any given job, there’s always a gap between what we plan to do and what we actually do. Notice how question 1 asks about the plan. Some call this “Work as Imagined.” Question 2 asks about the actual job. Some call this “Work as Done.” When you lead your After Action Reviews, use questions 1 and 2 to explore this critical gap, but not eliminate it. Three Common Mistakes And How To Avoid Them 1. Successes Vs. Failures Some leaders do AARs only for accidents or errors. If you do that, your team will quickly associate AARs with failure. And they’ll give short, vague answers to get it over with as fast as possible. So, lead about 80% or more of your AARs for successful projects. That way, your team will learn to trust the process and value the results. 2. Now Vs. Later Unspoken insights and lessons learned are the most valuable things a team can discuss in an After Action Re- view. Those unspoken ideas have a half-life of hours or less. So, if you wait a day or more to lead your AAR, much
He has a decade of experience in Safety for electric utilities, and served as a firefighter, an EMT and a military paratrooper. To learn more, visit his website at www.reliableorg.com.
Jake Mazulewicz
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January 30, 2023
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