Psychological Theories of Human Behavior . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 21
Human Behavior and Victimology WhatIsaPsychologicalTheory?...................................... 21 Five Major Psychological Theories . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 21 PsychoanalyticTheoryofPersonality.................................. 23 The Id, the Ego, and the Superego .................................... 23 Freud’s Psychosexual Theory . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 24 Stages of Psychosexual Development . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 25 TheoryofPersonality............................................... 26 PsychosocialDevelopmentTheory.................................... 27 DevelopmentalTasks............................................... 28 The Theoretical Perspective of Human Behavior. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 31 Personality Dimensions That Affect Human Behavior . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 31 PracticeExercises.................................................. 32 ConnectionsandApplications........................................ 33 Rubric ........................................................... 34 SummaryofKeyConcepts........................................... 35 KeyTakeaways.................................................... 35 LESSON 2 The Historical Concepts of Abnormal Behavior . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 36 Historical Perspectives of Abnormal Behavior . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 37 WhatIsAbnormalBehavior?......................................... 38 HowIsAbnormalBehaviorIdentified.................................. 39 SymptomsofAbnormalBehavior..................................... 41 PracticeExercises.................................................. 41 ConnectionsandApplications........................................ 43 Rubric ........................................................... 44 SummaryofKeyConcepts........................................... 45 KeyTakeaways.................................................... 45 LESSON 3 MentalDisorder.................................................. 46 What Is Mental Disorder? . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 47 Types of Mental Disorders . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 47 WhatAretheTypesofAnxietyDisorders?.............................. 47 What Causes Anxiety Disorders? . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 47 Who Is at Risk of Suffering from Post-traumatic Stress Disorder (PTSD)? . . . . . 48 WhatAretheTypesofEatingDisorders?............................... 49 Four Categories/Four Different Levels of Mental Retardation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 51 PracticeExercises.................................................. 51 ConnectionsandApplications........................................ 53 Rubric ........................................................... 54 SummaryofKeyConcepts........................................... 55 KeyTakeaways.................................................... 55 Chapter Key Concept Summary. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 55 Chapter Exercise ................................................... 56 Chapter Project . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 56 Industry and Career in Focus ......................................... 57 iv
CONTENTS
CONTENTS
Preface ................................................................ xvi Features ............................................................... xvii
CHAPTER 1 NATURE AND CONCEPT OF HUMAN BEHAVIOR
LESSON 1 Overview of Human Development and Behavior . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1 DuringPrenatalLife................................................ 2 Naturevs.Nurture................................................. 3 What Is Behavior? . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4 WhatIsHumanBehavior?........................................... 4 BasicTypesofBehavior............................................. 4 Classifications of Human Behavior . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4 PracticeExercises.................................................. 5 ConnectionsandApplications........................................ 6 Rubric ........................................................... 7 SummaryofKeyConcepts........................................... 8 KeyTakeaways.................................................... 8 LESSON 2 Historical Development of Human Behavior: Its Pioneers . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9 Early History ...................................................... 9 StagesofHumanDevelopment....................................... 10 FourPillarsofHumanDevelopment................................... 12 Attributes of Human Behavior. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 12 PioneersinHumanDevelopment..................................... 13 PracticeExercises.................................................. 14 ConnectionsandApplications........................................ 15 Rubric ........................................................... 16 SummaryofKeyConcepts........................................... 17 KeyTakeaways.................................................... 17 Chapter Key Concept Summary. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 17
CHAPTER 3 CRIMINAL BEHAVIOR
iii
Chapter Exercise .................................................. 18 Chapter Project . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 18 Industry and Career in Focus ......................................... 19
LESSON 1 ThePerspectiveofCriminalBehavior................................. 59 WhatIsCriminalBehavior?.......................................... 59 LegalDefinitionofCriminalBehavior.................................. 60 Moral Definition of Criminal Behavior . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 60 Practical Exercises . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 60 ConnectionsandApplications........................................ 61 Rubric ........................................................... 62 SummaryofKeyConcepts........................................... 63 KeyTakeaways.................................................... 63 LESSON 2 TheOriginofCriminalBehavior ..................................... 64 Origins of Criminal Behavior . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 65 Biological Factor ................................................... 65 Personality Disorder Factor .......................................... 66 Learning Factor .................................................... 66 PracticeExercises.................................................. 68 ConnectionsandApplications........................................ 69 Rubric ........................................................... 70 SummaryofKeyConcepts........................................... 71 KeyTakeaways.................................................... 71 LESSON 3 Rule of Intelligence in Criminal Case . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 72 What Is Human Intelligence? . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 72 Genetics ......................................................... 74 Neurochemistry ................................................... 74 Psychophysiology .................................................. 76 Neuropsychological Studies ......................................... 76
CHAPTER 2 CONCEPTS AND THEORIES OF HUMAN BEHAVIOR LESSON 1 Psychological Theories of Human Behavior . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 21 WhatIsaPsychologicalTheory?...................................... 21 Five Major Psychological Theories . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 21 PsychoanalyticTheoryofPersonality.................................. 23 The Id, the Ego, and the Superego .................................... 23 Freud’s Psychosexual Theory . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 24 Stages of Psychosexual Development . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 25 TheoryofPersonality............................................... 26 PsychosocialDevelopmentTheory.................................... 27 DevelopmentalTasks............................................... 28 The Theoretical Perspective of Human Behavior. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 31 Personality Dimensions That Affect Human Behavior . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 31 PracticeExercises.................................................. 32 ConnectionsandApplications........................................ 33 Rubric ........................................................... 34 SummaryofKeyConcepts........................................... 35 KeyTakeaways.................................................... 35 LESSON 2 The Historical Concepts of Abnormal Behavior . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 36 Historical Perspectives of Abnormal Behavior . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 37 WhatIsAbnormalBehavior?......................................... 38 HowIsAbnormalBehaviorIdentified.................................. 39 SymptomsofAbnormalBehavior..................................... 41
v
2025 Higher Education Learning Solutions for the Criminal Justice Education Program 238
Made with FlippingBook Ebook Creator