iv | FUNDAMENTALS OF CRIMINAL INVESTIGATION AND INTELLIGENCE CHAPTER 8 – SEARCH AND SEIZURE ..............................................................................................137 Lesson 8.1: Search Warrant ..................................................................................................................138 Lesson 8.2 Warrantless Search ............................................................................................................141 Lesson 8.3: Limitations of and Motion to Quash Search Warrant .......................................……………145 Lesson 8.4: Liabilities Related to Search and Seizure ..........................................................................147 Chapter Assessment .............................................................................................................................149 CHAPTER 9 – ETHICS IN INVESTIGATION ........................................................................................151 Lesson 9.1: Ethical Issues ....................................................................................................................152 Lesson 9.2: Police Ethical Investigation Models....................................................................................156 Lesson 9.3: Media and Investigation .....................................................................................................159 Chapter Assessment .............................................................................................................................161 CHAPTER 7 – INSTRUMENTS IN INVESTIGATION ........................................................................... 116 Lesson 7.1: Forensic Ballistics ..............................................................................................................118 Lesson 7.2: Questioned Document .......................................................................................................121 Lesson 7.3: Forensic Odontology..........................................................................................................123 Lesson 7.4: Forensic Photography........................................................................................................125 Lesson 7.5: Forensic Toxicology and Serology .....................................................................................128 Lesson 7.6 Anthropometry and Fingerprinting.......................................................................................130 Lesson 7.7: Forensic Medicine..............................................................................................................132 Lesson 7.8: Polygraphy ........................................................................................................................134 Chapter Assessment .............................................................................................................................135 Lesson 5.2: Interrogation ........................................................................................................................68 Lesson 5.3: Confession and Admission...................................................................................................70 Chapter Assessment ...............................................................................................................................71 CHAPTER 6 – INTELLIGENCE ..............................................................................................................72 Lesson 6.1: Information ...........................................................................................................................73 Lesson 6.2: The Characteristics and Context of Intelligence ..................................................................78 Lesson 6.3: Counterintelligence .............................................................................................................82 Lesson 6.4: Intelligence Cycle.................................................................................................................85 Lesson 6.5: Undercover Operations........................................................................................................91 Lesson 6.6: Surveillance .........................................................................................................................95 Lesson 6.7: Agents ................................................................................................................................106 Lesson 6.8: Cryptography .....................................................................................................................109 Chapter Assessment .............................................................................................................................112 Fundamentals of Criminal Investigation and Intelligence CHAPTER 10 – INVESTIGATIVE REPORT WRITING ........................................................................163 Lesson 10.1: Investigation Report ........................................................................................................164 Lesson 10.2: Characteristics of an Effective and Efficient Written Report .................................... ……166 Chapter Assessment .............................................................................................................................179 CHAPTER 11 – THE POLICE AND PROSECUTOR ............................................................................181 Lesson 11.1: Apprehension and Prosecution ........................................................................................182 Lesson 11.2: Downside of Investigative and Prosecutorial Disparities.......................................... ……185 Chapter Assessment .............................................................................................................................188 CHAPTER 12 – BASICS IN DIGITAL INVESTIGATION ......................................................................190 Lesson 12.1: Cybercrime.......................................................................................................................191 Lesson 12.2: Court Warrant ..................................................................................................................194 Chapter Assessment .............................................................................................................................199
CONTENTS
CONTENTS
Preface .................................................................................................................................................... vii
Acknowledgment ................................................................................................................................... ix
iii CHAPTER 4 – WARRANTLESS ARREST AND DETENTION ..............................................................55 Lesson 4.1: Arrest....................................................................................................................................56 Lesson 4.2: Custodial Investigation and Detention .................................................................................59 Chapter Assessment ...............................................................................................................................61 | CHAPTER 3 – CRIME SCENE INVESTIGATION AND RECONSTRUCTION .......................................35 Lesson 3.1: Procedures in Criminal Investigation ...................................................................................36 Lesson 3.2: Crime Scene Processing .....................................................................................................39 Lesson 3.3: Reconstructing the Crime ....................................................................................................50 Chapter Assessment ...............................................................................................................................53 CHAPTER 4 – WARRANTLESS ARREST AND DETENTION ..............................................................55 Lesson 4.1: Arrest....................................................................................................................................56 Lesson 4.2: Custodial Investigation and Detention .................................................................................59 Chapter Assessment ...............................................................................................................................61 CHAPTER 1 – BASIC PRINCIPLES IN CRIME, CRIMINAL LAW, AND EVIDENCE ..............................1 Lesson 1.1: Social and Legal Context of Crime ........................................................................................2 Lesson 1.2: Criminal Responsibility and Investigative Police Power.......................................……………7 Lesson 1.3: Admissibility of Evidence...................................................................................................... 11 Chapter Assessment ...............................................................................................................................14 CHAPTER 2 – TOOLS, PHASES, AND PRINCIPLES IN INVESTIGATION ..........................................17 Lesson 2.1: Criminal Investigation and Its Phases..................................................................................18 Lesson 2.2: Role and Qualities of an Investigator ...................................................................................21 Lesson 2.3: Approaches and Tools in Criminal Investigation ..................................................................24 Lesson 2.4: Cardinal Points and Methods of Identification .....................................................................27 Lesson 2.5: Technical and Legal Aspect of Witness................................................................................31 Chapter Assessment…………………………………………………………….............................................33 CHAPTER 5 – INTERVIEW AND INTERROGATION .............................................................................64 Lesson 5.1: Investigative Interview .........................................................................................................65 Lesson 5.2: Interrogation ........................................................................................................................68 Lesson 5.3: Confession and Admission...................................................................................................70 Chapter Assessment ...............................................................................................................................71 CHAPTER 6 – INTELLIGENCE ..............................................................................................................72 Lesson 6.1: Information ...........................................................................................................................73 Lesson 6.2: The Characteristics and Context of Intelligence ..................................................................78 Lesson 6.3: Counterintelligence .............................................................................................................82 Lesson 6.4: Intelligence Cycle.................................................................................................................85 Lesson 6.5: Undercover Operations........................................................................................................91 Lesson 6.6: Surveillance .........................................................................................................................95 Lesson 6.7: Agents ................................................................................................................................106 Lesson 6.8: Cryptography .....................................................................................................................109 Chapter Assessment .............................................................................................................................112 CHAPTER 6 – INTELLIGENCE ..............................................................................................................72 Lesson 6.1: Information ...........................................................................................................................73 Lesson 6.2: The Characteristics and Context of Intelligence ..................................................................78 Lesson 6.3: Counterintelligence .............................................................................................................82 Lesson 6.4: Intelligence Cycle.................................................................................................................85 Lesson 6.5: Undercover Operations........................................................................................................91 Lesson 6.6: Surveillance .........................................................................................................................95 Lesson 6.7: Agents ................................................................................................................................106 Lesson 6.8: Cryptography .....................................................................................................................109 Chapter Assessment .............................................................................................................................112 CHAPTER 5 – INTERVIEW AND INTERROGATION .............................................................................64 Lesson 5.1: Investigative Interview .........................................................................................................65 Lesson 5.2: Interrogation ........................................................................................................................68 Lesson 5.3: Confession and Admission...................................................................................................70 Chapter Assessment ...............................................................................................................................71
Bibliography ........................................................................................................................................201
Index ....................................................................................................................................................203
2025 Higher Education Learning Solutions for the Criminal Justice Education Program 288 CHAPTER 7 – INSTRUMENTS IN INVESTIGATION ........................................................................... 116 Lesson 7.1: Forensic Ballistics ..............................................................................................................118 Lesson 7.2: Questioned Document .......................................................................................................121 Lesson 7.3: Forensic Odontology..........................................................................................................123 Lesson 7.4: Forensic Photography........................................................................................................125 Lesson 7.5: Forensic Toxicology and Serology .....................................................................................128 Lesson 7.6 Anthropometry and Fingerprinting.......................................................................................130 Lesson 7.7: Forensic Medicine..............................................................................................................132 Lesson 7.8: Polygraphy ........................................................................................................................134 Chapter Assessment .............................................................................................................................135 CHAPTER 7 – INSTRUMENTS IN INVESTIGATION ........................................................................... 116 Lesson 7.1: Forensic Ballistics ..............................................................................................................118 Lesson 7.2: Questioned Document .......................................................................................................121 Lesson 7.3: Forensic Odontology..........................................................................................................123 Lesson 7.4: Forensic Photography........................................................................................................125 Lesson 7.5: Forensic Toxicology and Serology .....................................................................................128 Lesson 7.6 Anthropometry and Fingerprinting.......................................................................................130 Lesson 7.7: Forensic Medicine..............................................................................................................132 Lesson 7.8: Polygraphy ........................................................................................................................134 Chapter Assessment .............................................................................................................................135
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