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Welder’s Handbook
corner joint. A joint type in which butting or nonbutting ends of one or more workpieces converge approximately perpendicular to one another. *corrosion resistance. The ability of the joint to withstand chemical attack; determined by the compatibility of the base materials to the filler metal. corrosive flux. A flux with a residue that chemically attacks the base metal. It may be composed of inorganic salts and acids, organic salts and acids, or activated rosins or resins.
cross-sectional sequence. The order in which the weld passes of a multiple pass weld are made with respect to the cross section of the weld. See also block sequence. crucible. A high-temperature container that holds the thermite welding mixture as it begins its thermal reaction before the molten metal is released into the mold. *crystalline structures. Orderly arrangements of atoms in a solid in a specific geometric pattern; sometimes called lattices.
cutting attachment. A device for converting an oxyfuel gas welding torch into an oxygen cutting torch.
cosmetic pass. A weld pass made primarily to enhance appearance.
*cutting gas assist. A nonreactive or exothermic gas jet directed on the metal to aid in laser cutting.
*coupling distance. The distance to be maintained between the inner cones of the cutting flame and the surface of the metal being cut, in the range of 1/8 in. (3 mm) to 3/8 in. (10 mm).
cutting head. The part of a cutting machine in which a cutting torch or tip is incorporated.
cover lens. A round cover plate.
*cutting plane line. Lines on a drawing that represent an imaginary cut through the object. They are used to expose the details of internal parts that would not be shown clearly with hidden lines.
*cover pass. The last layer of weld beads on a multipass weld. The final bead should be uniform in width and reinforcement, not excessively wide, and free of any visual defects. cover plate. A removable pane of colorless glass, plastic- coated glass, or plastic that covers the filter plate and protects it from weld spatter, pitting, and scratching. covered electrode. A composite filler metal electrode consisting of a bare or metal cored electrode with a flux covering to provide a slag layer and/or alloying elements. The covering may contain materials providing such functions as shielding from the atmosphere, deoxidation, and arc stabilization and can serve as a source of metallic additions to the weld. crack. A fracture-type discontinuity characterized by a sharp tip and high ratio of length and width to opening displacement.
cutting tip. The part of an oxygen cutting torch from which the gases issue.
cutting tip, high speed. Designed to provide higher oxygen pressure, thus allowing the torch to travel faster.
cutting torch. A device used for plasma arc cutting to control the position of the electrode, to transfer current to the arc, and to direct the flow of plasma and shielding gas. *cycle time. The period of time from starting one machine operation to starting another (in a pattern of continuous repetition).
cylinder. A portable container used for transportation and storage of a compressed gas.
cylinder manifold. A multiple header for interconnection of gas sources with distribution points.
crater. A depression in the weld face at the termination of a weld bead.
*cylinder pressure. The pressure at which a gas is stored in approximately 2200 lb per square inch (psi), and acetylene is stored at approximately 225 psi. D DCEN – The arrangement of direct current arc welding leads in which the electrode is the negative pole and workpiece is the positive pole of the welding arc. DCEP – The arrangement of direct current arc welding leads in which the electrode is the positive pole and the workpiece is the negative pole of the welding arc.
crater crack. A crack initiated and localized within a crater.
*creep. A property of metal that allows it to be deformed under a load that is below the metal’s yield point.
crevice corrosion. Oxidation that occurs in the small space (crevice) between two pieces of metal as the result of moisture being trapped in the small space. critical weld. A weld so important to the soundness of the weldment that its failure could result in the loss or destruction of the weldment and injury or death.
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