يناقش الكتاب الأمن الغذائي، الذي يُعتَبر مشكلة حياة أو موت، ويمثل هاجسًا لمستقبل العالم العربي. ويؤكد أن العالم العربي يعاني في مجمله من مشكلة حادة ومستفحلة في أمنه الغذائي حيث يستورد من السلع الغذائية الرئيسية أكثر مما ينتج، أو يستورد ما يساوي إنتاجه في أحسن الأحوال.
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& #" : `J V_ &C; 6& "c5 9 !9:;-5 7nD K 2D- "c5 v- t95 :s -c . & '( $% : &C; N-OV ]&4 " ) 1 ( . 9- !9@D B m-D % D ' A 7 2# `J - _ N-< l _- " 4 ","nJ " 4AD_ Q + >: + 4D_ 7O¶ !C5 4D_ b$ 2 CB-& . :4-n "E" . b$ ¹ |: 1 9n EC9 B 9:9D ' ]F A _ M3 ±" 9c 35 v M1 9A@& A5 '$Q 0)* 0,n 2= % D ?1$ "- W-~ . B. M} SBE !9& `J p :9@ P Q 4D: '" - 'B : )* + : ;Dº: t "E". !4CV S85 C9@ [9DO `J S D +$ ]gD ^"OD: 5 2D !4 "_ D A&\ "A&,r ) 0O9_ A# 0_DAI ( ) 7B._ \c Ds@ [Q ;3 + "E".A 9: : 9 ^"1 D_ Z4 T_ 49o 2\n 9# | f "c: T_ "B" T_ S 5 ;r T_ 9# , +Ao An '4C D T_ 'cB :CE . + !C_ [;D 9@& ½D "E". !4CV + 2BA@ !4CV b$ O c& 2 W"=- .5 /;A-_ !9# p ]Eo C @ Q£+ "o vF "o E". Y9$ t¡ &,r 2,D u- "un /;D: [9A¢ . ,-. / 0 -12 34 56 7 ,-. /8 08 9;-8 <9;-8 E". C @ Hc 2 2M + 5 b$ `J % D s p4-n ¥# . / CD-E ]ZB_ 8¢ 9n V ]M:9 L < BF b$ BF ]M:9 L A- !4C " 1C9 _ C n `J M:- . "_ D ],@ 3 $4C $44 : BFC |= C 6& &\ !4CV # 2 C 6& BF |A= Kn . .\O Q,B +J ) "B" % D " y4 b y4 &C; C,-E
) 1 ( " 9) ) :) " 5# ;7 <=& ! %# ;7 2 > %! 14 / 3 / 2008 1 10699 + 12 .
22
"E AI ScA1 ) "O > "E wE t y4 9O): TB\ '-._ '-./ ( ¥j,@ /C &C; ) 1 ( . cM "E". !4CV ³4 9o Y g D_ °A# P y !X-5 C @ "\c '4 y< f )5 B@D A vA ]"Xu "s nvB p 8¿@ Kn@- M} 2D L -A5 % AD 2A,D -5 À5 6& ]@ 'D- S.# 6& ) . D_ ^:9B |= ^9_ ]FC 9 $ ' _ A:9r y9 y "_ D ],@ C n y) 'D- ",-ª 'RJ "_ D [& : ,n C n A A 2007 "U" -EJ 9. p :9@D 9-.5 "&C; "_ D ",c- ) 2005 2025 .( & 4.: ]FC @",& "&,-1 v- A ["A +< !4# :4-n 8DO "u- '4 ,o O 5 v MD 2D- 78-: &C.- "E"E S D |D1 ) EE Y9AZ_ WE ^"& eB8c: , `D Á yn " [n ]l>_ P Q °I ]n 0D"z ]MB.< 9:9I ]Mc"_ ]ME>_ '@D: + " ) 2 ( . =# + : ;Dº: t 4B-5 @ S85 C9@ [9DO `J f 4"@ ,o ,gO T_ ]$\- "O)@D ?E A ' l>AI A º fA "E".A ,n\ "_;o À5 \ j"1 D_c ) 0O"# M @B8 "AB@ : AE À5 S.# 6& @"u : 8@ : D " "D "_ D . , M: 0O"# ",D ^BI "DB- \-X5 ,gO y9 BD mA t [" A& D: p -5 & _ !C &. C9 6& . 9n X- $ 6& w u 0"E"E 0#)E 0O"# % D [gc 29- : ,- )J "Bc1 Mo M9A$ A9 "A9 ^OAI 9c1 . G& " ! C !2 / ?)8 " % () 678 5 %& > 25 / 8 / 2008 1 938 + 6 . ) 2 ( 1 K& " # (! " L 14 ) 5# : 2 % 2004 ( . ) 1 (
23
CI 9n "E". Wn5_ u:@ 2,-" / ^1 A + 'D- ",c- ,gc5 : @ p4-n (OECD) 2: _ C9 2008 `J 29- :"E "@: y9 2"n vF 49& 'I A: 2 t y4 °# "\" _ )A:» 'I "O-:C '4. 2 "_ D y9 . 9n [& K8 K w" _ 9 p 5 "1C :/ 9A 2008 " _ 0s I ' -n |AO AE $CA ' 29- C t9#J 9D "E"E :4 0" 4 M"& e\-5 ",c- w8 "cs "5 9B K CD- y9 "9 " ) 1 ( . 'D- t9-c5 pvu- H,-1+ y,& -- ^-A, PA Q A1 :c: ! $@ 9@& p "A,c- 2008 n y " : J 7.-: t9-c5 $ ' D v8 $ 9&.5 6& H ¼nc: ^O \&u "A} ^B@ + ^c " ) 2 ( . 0)n Y " : +_ 9@-5 y9 'J M-D8n f ;- 0@ "aV 9&.5 ]U# !4:; M.\O 6A& " pv-O e- " >. 9D: "M:9_ 2:>- A_n vAF .A " ) 3 ( . Y " C 6& $ z TD-: ^O ;# y) "aV 9&.5 " D ;:;D & t>c P Q ]-: ' '4 KAn + C9n m e"@< $/ _ 1V f ",c- : OD5 T_ . 5 y9A $49A< ",c- w8 "\c -5 " .5 9. AZ "A@- @\ A 9Ao "U" -AE " ) 4 ( . 0u: j " 0B h>: H,-1+ $ ' [& :l #9 35 49&V_ 4MU 2008 "\c [9@- D1 5 ) e pv-O ( ",c- 2:3 '_ " ) 5 ( . 49I 'D- ' 6& w" _ ) Sc1 Sc1 ( ) 1 ( 5 " G& % / :" ! - %# N* 7 " () %& ' 20 / H 2008 7161 + 12 . ) 2 ( 5 " G& % / :" ! - %# N* 7 " () %& ' 20 / H 2008 7161 + 12 . ) 3 ( 5 " G& % / :" ! - %# N* 7 " () %& ' 20 / H 2008 7161 + 12 . ) 4 ( 5 " G& % / :" ! - %# N* 7 " () %& ' 20 / H 2008 7161 + 12 . ) 5 ( 5 " G& % / :" ! - %# N* 7 " () %& ' 20 / H 2008 7161 + 12 .
24
'D- S.# 6& ': + ' 7 )yx Sc1 ( ' `J 0 gO ^ 0), aJ ,M $9# 2\- ' McR + !49 | / "c y9 "A o C9A@ "c y9 ",c- :-. KC . 9An M= [9X-E ,gO 6& w u E"E ). e: s & 5 9@5 ": j,@ AO&J . 0), 1994 &C/ 6& [ ." y j,@ &C/ S.# 6& :9- D. A\ . 8 ¥U"-c |O Q, p b"5 M-$ _ D \ `J :9 |n ?\O K8-. j,@ s T:) -AE 4v-AE \ w@ 'cs DBE tE . ). [9X-E v8 HO & ^Q 9A# WA: A$ : j,@ 6& 4,-&) , 9_ 6& w u . 6& MD"U 0+9B [Z y $ A&C/ | ^c h \-+ p 5 7D Uª : 5 [D8 !9 EE vF p \ y &C/ : M"& ': m-D f b"5 v Y»-.: ^O ]FC :9A- ^"A J A1o v-E 4"@_ 2"B ]-: °# P Q CD 6& !"o .A" 4 NC9-E+ S_ O& :9B Z [9n p !9-5 :+ jA,@ +J ?" ) 1 ( . "." "#V M@c + % D AEC4 'J "8D5 bZ ]". 2"- 2"\- n9 M@c 2_ AD AD5 ¡ 9:9-A 09"AM3 8O "Dn : J D5 "z _ "U" -E 5 2o p9"@ vF 9:91 O _ :8 BO+ e: 8 9"M3 l>I . ","nV " "o vF "o ,gc5 vA P cA$ :F ,gc MEC 6& "_ D vAF "_ AD "A 9 " 9 &C; (FAO) 5D O A_ (WFP) ",c- "_ D ,gc5 C } @ "_ D y9 Dr D_- "&C;A (AOAD) aV C,-E) "_ D ®"Z ) 1 ( ( " !O E# G)/ ? E " 1 3 !! 6 ) ) : ; 2006 ( 10 + 248 .
25
A&C; (AAAID) !9# ? ,Z 0 @ [s 'X-: A}) :4-n+ f "8D5 "#V v P-3 M ! $@ "_ D EC9 b$ cD-E . V b$ D_ ' ]AFC ! -\ 4D "8D5 "# 1998 2005 ] 4D :9# "#J 6& |O -OV BI ,gc5 b$ Kn !C:/ 9D_ ADO TAD 2006 / 2007 [ . A& :9< `J N-< D5 b$ ' ^" (Updating) S9# 2 5 b w"< f v-5 BA5 ]g-Ac pcAE A:8 SA . Al +J p A:9@ j: j"-: p y@D5 C9@ _ 0" # \ o hBc ^"@_ Cgc5 $CF mE A5 "XA " M1 U" -E+ Cgc5 M1 t * M1 E"E"r Cgc5 . 4@: :Cc"E !CB ®s \-X5 "&9 $4D_ M,U# EC9 09"M3 PA Q ^_ O _ p p9"@- vF 9:9r Om "zm "U" -EV `J !C uA _ 2o $C1 % D . "Dn :¡C 6& y [@5 9c-.: ' p :9@ 9_ + Cgc5 2o $ 2 " " 5 SCU- "_J "BE n\J CB-&+ > ","nV " 9 À5 ._) Mc5 " x CsJ !9# 6& A 4 Scr n)& 8O "cs À5 KA &CA-5 _A-5 5& , ^ gc: t M1 Scr_ Scr M1 A y,A _ A#- "A ¸C 0"A # $4A@ !9A:91 E". :9M5 |.- )-- / _ -I+ .D5 y/ 9D_ p4A-n+ :4-n+ tm ) $vF N4. ." '"E -c - %C 4<+ ( 2Bn D $9MD: f )-- $ . N-OV !C8-5 "1 c- :9o "&C; [D "8D , 0u: D5 C* 41 f 0&O 0, A + ! \_ ! D5 + "O : @ _ Y & ," 8O KE 6& " & . "c,- vgc- ! 4 "_ D N ¢ ' ^O>I Cgc5 2o $ "O9"5 @"B8- 2"D\- ! 4 `J :_8 . '"E Dn Mc5 $ v_
26
ec& N 7D A ! gc ,". ?E K 11; " -E E". ^" |8- & 09-. 0"F 0c % D D ,u "B@-.A _ .. ",c- _ pC4V 5 4.\ .. 49B-E+_ 4-n+ .. y9 c,"$ t y9 À 6A& tmA . 49# - _ Mo y9 " Y D + 5D hD 95 [ 0"C9 6I)- .c "cs y9 . ,n 3 C @ 9 K,- DI [ "_ D y9 [;- 'J 5D ) 1974 ( M"& 7 M9n ]FC ",c- !9-5 ] Y9$ A "A\ (MDGs) [AD 2000 :F f,gc " C @ [ " 9 &C;A (FAO) 5D 3 1 ) "O: 2008 ( "_ D y9 Dr D_- "&C; ",c- "_ D ,gc5 (AOAD) 9-.5 "_ D "U" -EV_ A1 T4@ :9@D "&C; ",c- ) 2005 2025 ( % D e"@- u- 09:; S AD 6A& ]·-Aº *FV ,gc «5 y9 [D8 y. SB Mc 2\@ [9-.A5 " 9 ) 6\. 9" v "D 9" ' .( @B B8- 21 % D U" -E+ C "$ BD CB-+ [ ^\D ^-I Y & p ]&9 E5 1o TD- A A . ,: U" -EV 4, E 'J m-D " 1 @8c ,s 9:9M- & D esc ]$ ; H "Bc1 )9-A P Q l;~ $4C U" -EV MDn 7B._ / w\c . C "$ @B B8- 21 ^A PA Q TD-A: 0QJ M BD CB-+ [ ^\D ^-I Y & p % D U" -E+ E ' ]&9 1o ?A ,: % D U" -E+ 4, 9:9M- & D esc ]$ m-D " A1 @8cA A "Bc1 )9-A ;A HA,s P Q U" -EV MDn 7B._ / w\c l;~ $4C .
27
º : "#V [nC ,& K. N-OJ & #-5 D : % D s "EE "&C; ! $g 9:9I S_ j1C>- |= l 9# 6& 4 2 t-. 6A& ! ]FC P Q ^- _ % D D t-. 6& 2 y 2 pC @: s &C; ])5 Âc5 "&O j \-A 9_ . « 9# ' S_- nC\ 7 . 2 [& j,@ 0cs '" 2007 |_ #. A 2 . 7 w@ '9 '" ) « p.: C-Z 2 . 4 '9 ( S 5 9# ,c"_ 9 j,n s '" ) !4:;_ 1 . 8 & s '" ( |_ #.A A 13 . 5 '9 '" ) p 5 C;5 j,@ #. YD H A ( ;r 9# ,cA"_ 4 . 3 « #. j,n s '" 7 . 4 '" '9 . « ±_ '9\ N-OJ ' QJ N-OV S_- j : A$ 2 . 7 « S 5 s 600 « ;r w@ [ 1 " 570 w@ [ 1" 2 y4 '9\ N-OJ wE- ,c"_ )9c !9-5 :+ " -E ( ]FC "1 c- "1-OV "c5 Y g 2D \-A T_ -: 4 6 " 9 &C; :F ,gc C4 7.# s ) \ .( T_ &C/ S D ' 0A,& 1998 2002 ) y) 5 cE ( « 29 SBo C-$ '"A « w@ U-O ]Mc wE-5 43 s '" [& &C/ ,cA"_ 2004 « 28 « U-O C-$ '" 53 s '" ) p !4:;A_ 1 C-$ '" 9 w@ s '" ( « 9D_ 7Ec-: + p 6 @_. o 7: @- _ cE . F DE N-OJ y9D ' 9AÃ 0O"A# TD &C/ ]E c"D " wB$ 9n N-OV $ y9D ' Ä#)O 0O"# 5D t-.5 y9D \: &9 "O9- :-. `J TD ]AE `J e@ . $ C ': 9n C@ 4m "D"Bs "c 2& S_-A 9:9D S p K"@ "_ D y9A A [& -I 2008 2n 2" v W N-OV .
28
&C; ,& D_ 9c& B#V_ 0CDI 9 : ' 0u: ^O>I A$ HcA C @ S D DB 7&) 7B._ 0"BE 0&B8O L -: 9n T\-~ : Mg Mg "c "E"E SBAE "A#V_ : cr J ]"Xu B, 0O"# .. 2"@- 0O"# cr TD8 K,s W l>I . n 7B._ $ 2 ! \ [9& $5 C4 N-OV j1C> & gc Y _ @"n9 EC9 _ ["A@ . CDI }) D: [nC "n9 9@: 9n 091 CA 5 S85 2o 9@ % D . + ]A# 9"D_ WE y/ % D e"@< h \- : & \. f "&C; ",c- "U" -E EC9 41 ]FC yc5 4 yn 9# 6& ' °# E, -AO . !9# ? [D T :1 K. N-OJ E % D 2- ! 6& ;C p "_ D :4-n+ + KE- !C 9 0)9 bCB-&_ "_ D @8c5_ C,-E 4-n) ! D5 :9- M1 ",c- UD 0:n 0D4 2- 0$ % D . YA " @8c5 '>_ ",c- 9#V y ;U& D + "_ D WE M1C 2_ "_ D esc5 ,-.A + yA bA$ A 9:9 " ) 1 ( . !CU- ]U# !4:/ K 29 MM"1-_ 7 s "_ D y9 T_ & 9:; + u\Xc | / A fA 11 % nD5 B@D /J LC,r /J MEC 6& ! o !CU- _ . /V b$ |3 9n ^O _ :9r TA_ A 2005 2007 T_ 17 B.c_ "_ & 4 100 % . nV 09"M3 9 -5 "_ D 300 !; E 0+9_ ,.O '" . 4 O c / + 5 c1C4 9A@ !4\-E+ "} & o :9o 4 % D y5 ) U" ( 9@-5 "_ y9 "1 c M1 6& C,-E+ S_ j- e: s & % D e"@- t AM1 ) 1 ( !0 # " G& ) : # ) # 5! " 5 ) 678 %& 5# ( 31 C / 2008 K 7228 + 8 .
29
A &" P "_ D 9 bA$ M . $ ^"& CBF + S8 b $ EC9 b$ 9:91 $ 09:91 0# s ^" ?" 9BA5 "A# $:Cc"E *) cA D-E =# )* Uc - D T- & !CB& :Cc". 5 2o 2\ ># 29-5 2- @: 8_ eBs (FIA) b9.A pA " -5 "®"B &C;A F !49D-5 " 0C- D5 AA_ IMDECS ; 2# 6& !9# D4 J ! # 6& 04,-& P Q "_ & 4 2A . N X 0O,u 0@: s 2: ' R - _ 11; ec& % D . ( N-OV c"D DE N-OJ c"D 4 X- ' ÅD A ) N-OJ 'cB 9 [ N-OJ '4. ^A\ ( D. b$ u:@ y4B :9 © 5 0@ M" J N-< M" @c D t "_ & y4 KA U-Ac5 2 9B ^C9n ^-1# 7.# . =#8 ? 8 : ^U-: `J X- 6& ;" - ) -- ( N-OV KE N-OJ y9 &, £ ÅD w"8£ \ e_E '4 @c D: % & 2- K U-c KE K M-u:@ Z4B © cA"D M"A J N-A M"A ^C9n ^-1# 7.# 2 9B5 0@ ) y X- D,- % D S 5 y4 K N-OV $ y4B [ N-OJ 0D '4.A 7D5 P,. M1-O_ D5 .( ># ? 8 : 2"\- _ 0@#+ b Q 4vE p ) :Cc". bCB-&_ 5 2o c:9 2uA\5 ( H8@ T_ "1-OV 6& ;" - _ p4c: \"o @:9 y9 Cr y4 ¦c1 H8@ % D A eo K Mn M1 c"D "F KE N-OJ MX-_ D5 S D M"& e\- 4B- Kc I e P Q t AM1 A % AD , "z _ "U" -EJ . : )* ? 8 : ^U-A: `J X- 6& ;" - ) p4 \
30
w£ |O @_. + }vF y T$:Cc". ) `J y C-_+ ! :9"@- ! gc 6& 4,-&+ ! TA_ 2Ao . M 6& SCU- |c$ _ f 9:9D f +o K:C5 J |O TD % & 9_ 6& ;" - _ B ) '4. ( F E bCB-&_ 0) I y4B N-OV :9"@ "c* "n\ e"B8 6& 9,-D % D AD "&O & gc Y _ NC 4v-E+_ ;UD , c"D "F KAE D b NC $ E"E Wn -_ Mn@# :v5 $:un "_ . °# $C1 % D 2# `J :4: T\nA5 )A " 45 CDE )F c}4 °# F \ @# C9O wBX-O cA= ' cc cDU . #.5 vB 9_ '4.A ' j"A ) 2" '" y4D: K_ 250 C-A$ '"A (:; c ,X "&C/ "O"# ! * "D"Bs 4C ^O_ t "_ & 4 p Z 2" + ! :;F C8 pC b" &c- "&C; E D_ c"D I ^ % D D v + :4-n 24 NC N-OV 2 C sB_ ,5 % D s E". C @-E+ `J @-\: ^O t 9& KE 9BA A$ A&C; % D D F E ^Dr _85 :@ "-- "AcB ½A ^,< vB TO@ "-.1 B@D OAE ?" ! & U# W@ f "s n '4. 2Dr C,-E+ [ °# 2_ ¦c1 % D C,-E+ [ wA@ [DsJ & P"$O ^BDI [DsJ ^.\O AF AE t9#J "_ & 4 : & t . [gc [+ KB ^"1 '4 9# 6& 2< '4 y@: ' 9_ + eo ^cA"D_ Mc"D_ # . 2_ !9# '4. _ |." !9@-\5 "I b$ &\ "E". !4CV [9DO 0EE 2,- "_ D y9 ]gD Mc AD H p 24 pC4V 5 4.\ -E o : # "\A pC,-E ) 2\ gO SB ? : 2B@-.5 Y -E .( ." % D 2# 'J | 5_ ,M M. Mc cq QJ `J 9c-.: !9:91 "Dn O _ 6A& A\+ Æ !4CV A
31
"- " ! gc 6& 9,-D: 5 "BE ÇD: "z _ "U" -AEJ 9-A5 °# @"u "OO À5 & 09"D_ !9# 6& 4 2 " F >_ 2 ]Dc: cq \ 2n>_ hA \-A+ e@-A: , ! E 2 4 2 4-n+ 2, 6& ^u !9 ?Dc [9-. EC9 b$ 8 $ .. ¥! 5 b$ S D MD\: 2M
32
! " #$ %! : ;A P cA$ _A8 ' ]U# 9:9< 6& u w".- O :9@ ' % D A . I 2,-: y ; 5 ) & ( Y _ È- "_ & vF "_ & l & Agc # 85 "\5 ®E & _1V I 2,-" ; 5 bAO4 ) ( "_ D ,gc5 M9X-. + M" J H1 _ "_ D y9 Dr D_- "&C; ",c- R Mc !4\-E # 85 +¡.- & _1V !9&.5 . 9# A5 "_ D 6& "."C :9< ! & !9_ 8 Q e"@< 2 P c$ ': M,gD M ÇD 'J f hQ \- e"@- C,-E) "Bc1 "_ & y ¡C p S1 F A $ @c 4@\5 : 1 . "-- "cB WD "o &C; N-OV_ @D-5 "EE + 8 y :9o "&C; "c@- n8 p 2@c + ;" - M-:l `J M-:9_ "1-OV ",D 2M.: ' ^OI 2A N-OV 4 !4r "&c 6& \_ . 2 . 9 É9 '9\ C-Z "1-OJ 9 "o hBc ^"@_ N-OV 4C5 "8D5 ]FC 01-OJ t y9 KA AOC@5_ . f "_ D c 4 9:9D + Z)-E 2 y)-E . 3 . 5 C4 C9@ : 7:C9- WDA "1-OV ",D _8 9"5 2,D T_85 T"c\ T_C95 T#)\ B t-. 6& . 4 . _@ #.5 &C; o #.5 &C; KAE- WDA &C/ '9_ -5 C !4\-E+ [9& A&C; )A-E)
33
) CBA .( A ]A$ !49D-5 -5 "®"B &C; [gc_ P Q F . 5 . $vF : # 9"B c. C_ !9¸ N-OV )9 [9& M,gD 4C-.: f "1-OV N-OV !4:/ !9&. "."C 2AD 0" M1-OJ R f NC . 6 . 9"A@D- ! A + ",D_ "-.1 :C4V &C; C,-E Q\OJ y pC4V 5 4.\ h A$= A\ "Bc1 &8@ &C; H8@ TA_ "A1-OV t ) "_ & vF "_ & ( + 2D q vF ^c"D_ % & 9_ C,-E SQ1 : ,-., . 7 . + : - !;$1 EC9 & 5 - [9A& w C,-E ) I 5 esc, r K:/- _ A 7O¶ p; C,-E 29 N-OV [EC " ,r [E J "\£ "# : A5 + TOn :8 - C,-E P Q ?c- 6& !C9n "_Q1 jB + M" 4.: Y = E". C @-E . 8 . 2M. °# "_ D y9 v M-" C 2# [9A& I 9: : :s -\ : ,-., v1>- ",& b$ S K "&C; C ) E # 2Bn 04 O :; " .( 9 . y4D K:/- e:.- + C9@ _ E"E [9& TM-.5 : ,-.5 TU-c5 T_ N-OV 9D . 10 . B.c _ "&C; K:C5 2:,- : 9-. C4 [9A& C "&C; LcB C4 2"D\ 78-: q W: 'E @ T&C;5 &C; W".- nV Lc_ . I D_C P c$ ' Y D5 ) & ( ]U# 9:9- A ) "_ & vF "_ & l & gc Y A_ ( 6& _1V 2,- "\5 ®E " D_C :
34
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