Symbols reference guide for L2 Plus series software for advanced force measurement.
Starrett ® L2 Plus Series Force Analysis Systems
Test Builder Symbols TENSION Description
Positions the crosshead to the HOME position. The HOME position may be established manually (Set Home) or may be done programmatically but Setting Home in the Pre Test Step.
Go to Home
Go to Load Limit (L)
Positions the crosshead in a tensile direction (Pull) until it achieves this load value measured by the load cell.
Go to a Distance Limit (D) Positions the crosshead in a tensile direction (Pull) until it achieves this distance value measured by the encoder.
Positions the crosshead in a tensile direction (Pull) until a break is detected. A break is detected when the measured load drops by a user-specified % amount after a maximum load is achieved and after a Minimum load was measured.
Go to a Break Limit
COMPRESSION
Description
Positions the crosshead to the HOME position. The HOME position may be established manually (Set Home) or may be done programmatically but Setting Home in the Pre Test Step.
Go to Home
Go to Load Limit (L)
Positions the crosshead in a compressive direction (Push) until it achieves this load value measured by the load cell.
Go to a Distance Limit (D) Positions the crosshead in a compressive direction (Push) until it achieves this distance value measured by the encoder.
Positions the crosshead in a compressive direction (Push) until a break is detected. A break is detected when the measured load drops by a user-specified % amount after a maximum load is achieved and after a Minimum load was measured.
Go to a Break Limit
CYCLIC
Description
Cycles the test between a range of Steps (first specified step and Last specified step) for a specified number of cycles, e.g. repeat Steps 2 thru 4 ten (10) times. At the end of the cycle count report the result(s). A Cycle Count has only one test run associated with it. Cycles the test between a range of Steps (first specified step and Last specified step) for a specified time duration, e.g. repeat Steps 2 thru 4 for 60 seconds. At the end of the cycle duration report the result(s). A Cycle Duration has only one test run associated with it. Cycles the test between a range of Steps (first specified step and Last specified step) for a specified count or time duration, e.g. repeat Steps 2 thru 4 ten (10) times for 60 seconds. At the end of the cycle count or duration report the result(s). A Loop reports a test run (with results) for each cycle. So if the Loop is for ten (10) cycles, you will have ten test runs and ten sets of results for each cycle.
Cycle for a Count
Cycle for Time Duration
Loop Steps
HOLD
Description
Hold Load (L)
Holds the measured load from the previous step for a specified period of time.
Hold Distance (D)
Holds the measured distance from the previous step for a specified period of time.
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DATUM
Description
Creates a datum within your test setup. The Datum step may be used to zero the Load or Distance within your test. Normally, a Datum step is the first step after your Pre Test.
Set a Datum
PROMPTS
Description
An Ask step may be added anywhere in your test setup. An Ask step will display a message and the user is required to provide a response before the step concludes. An Ask step requires the user to respond.
Ask Prompt
A Tell step may be added anywhere in your test setup. A Tell step will display a message/prompt for the user for a specified period of time. A Tell step can serve as a reminder to perform a function.
Tell Prompt
Test Editing Symbols EDITING Description
Select to create a New Test setup. A test setup may be created using templates or using the Test Builder. Template test setups are Load Test, Distance Test, and Break Test.
New Test Setup
Select to Edit the specified test setup. The user must have security privileges to edit a test setup. Edit privileges lets the user change the sequence of test steps (add, delete, move) and the ability to change a step’s individual attributes, e.g. limit, speed, exceptions, and whether or not to collect data.
Edit a Test Setup
Select to Copy the specified test setup. A new test is created using the test setup steps and the steps’ attributes. The user must have security privileges to copy a test setup.
Copy a Test Setup
Rename a Test Setup
Select to Rename a specified test setup. The user must have security privileges to rename a test setup.
Delete a Test Setup
Select to permanently Delete a specified test setup. The user must have security privileges to delete a test setup.
When a test setup is created using a Template, the user may convert the template test into the Test Builder application. The Test Builder will provide the user with more flexibility to add steps to their test setup.
Convert to Test Builder
Display View Symbols VIEW RESULTS Description
Choose to display your graph in the main window. The graph is a depiction of the test run. Available graph views are LxD, LxT, or DxT.
Graph View
Choose for a combination view that displays the graph trace on top and the data table beneath the graph view. You may adjust the size of the graph by positioning the middle divider bar up/down (window shading).
Split Graph Data View
Choose to display your results (coefficients) in the main window as a table. Coefficients and numerical results are organized and displayed in a spreadsheet format.
Data Table View
Choose this format when you only want to view the data table without Statistics or Tolerances. When Standard view is selected, the data table of your coefficients are all that are displayed.
Standard View
Choose to display the following statistics for the coefficients specified for your test run: Mean, Maximum, Minimum, Range, Standard Deviation, Six Sigma. Cannot be used with the Tolerance view.
Statistics View
Choose to display tolerance information for your results. Tolerance limits may be used on any/all coefficients. The Tolerance view displays the Limits used to designate your tolerance range. A tendency graph is displays showing the measured result in relationship to the tolerance limits. Out-of-tolerance results display in red.
Tolerance View
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Analysis Tool Symbols TOOL Description
Used to add an annotation (note) to the graph view. You may have multiple annotations and display in different colors. And you can use leader lines to point to annotation to a specific location on your graph.
Annotation
Use to select implicit points along your graph data stream. There are different Point Types that may be used to measure, calculate and display coefficients on your graph trace.
Point Tools
Used to measure, calculate and display an implicit point on the graph trace’s data stream. May be used based on either y-axis or x-axis and on any graph type (LxD, LxT, or DxT).
Point (Limit)
Used with the Slope Tool. The Slope Tool must be used first so that a slope line is created. Using the slope line, the Point Intercept can measure, calculate and display a coefficient anywhere along the slope line. May be used on any graph type (LxD, LxT, or DxT). Used to find the slopes on your graph trace. Slopes may be either positive (moving up) or negative (moving down). Slopes are often used in conjunction with other tools to find special coefficients, e.g. Point Intercept, Break Rate. There are different types of Slope Tools- each using a special algorithm to measure, calculate and display a slope type. This algorithm type locates the slope within the scope range you specify. This algorithm finds the greatest slope using segmented data along the graph trace. Sometimes referred to as Automatic Slope. Finds the slope using 16 segments of data while the slope continues to rise proportionally. May be used on any graph type (LxD, LxT, or DxT).
Point (Intercept)
Slope Tools
Slope (Fit)
This algorithm type locates the slope within the scope range you specify. It differs from the Slope Fit algorithm since it uses all the data along the graph trace data stream instead of segmented data. May be used on any graph type (LxD, LxT, or DxT).
Slope (Maximum)
This algorithm type locates the slope between two points you specify on your graph trace. Sometimes referred to a Segment Slope or Chord Slope. May be used on any graph type (LxD, LxT, or DxT).
Slope (Two Point)
This algorithm type locates a slope based on an implicit point on your graph trace. Since a point can’t be used by itself to create a line segment on which to find a slope, a Leg Length must also be specified. The Leg Length may be up to 100 points. Based on the Leg Length value, a line segment is drawn on either side of the tangent point. The slope is then measured, calculated and displayed by this segment. May be used on any graph type (LxD, LxT, or DxT). Used with graph traces that exhibit peaks and valleys typically associated with peel tests or coefficient of friction graphs. There are different types of Peak & Valley measurements. Selecting above the graph will active the Peak measurements, while selecting below the graph trace will activate the Valley measurements. The Numbered algorithm is used to find the maximum peak or valley within a specified scope range and that meet a specified sensitivity. Selecting above the curve will report the peaks data, while selecting below the curve will report the valleys data. Sensitivity is a percentage of the measured load value. May be used on any graph type (LxD, LxT, or DxT). The Average algorithm averages the peaks or the valleys within your scope segment. Selecting above the curve will measure the average of peaks while selecting below the curve will measure the average of valleys. The peak average is calculated by adding the highest value with each peak and dividing by the number of qualified peaks. The valley average is calculated by add- ing the lowest value with each valley and dividing by the number of qualified valleys. The Count algorithm determines the number of peaks or the number of valleys. Selecting above the curve will measure for peaks, while selecting below the curve will measure for valleys. Peaks and valleys are determined based on the scope segment and the sensitivity you specify. One of the more commonly used analysis tools is the Min/Max/Avg tool. It often used to measure the maximum stress or load values, or to measure the average of all data points within a scope segment. The Min/Max/Avg tool may be used with load, distance and time. The Maximum algorithm is sometimes called the peak, but it should not be confused with peak when using peak & valleys. The Maximum algorithm is the greatest value of a variable within the data stream for a scope segment. Select above the graph trace to find the Maximum result. The scope segment may be the entire test duration or a segment within the duration. May be used on any graph type (LxD, LxT, or DxT). The Select below the graph trace to find the Minimum result. The Minimum algorithm is the lowest value of a variable within the data stream for a scope segment. The scope segment may be the entire test duration or a segment within the duration. May be used on any graph type (LxD, LxT, or DxT).
Slope (Tangent)
Peak & Valley Tools
Numbered
Average
Count
Min/Max/Average Tools
Maximum
Minimum
The Average algorithm calculates the average result for all of the data points within the scope range. The average load or distance may be calculated.
Average
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Analysis Tool Symbols TOOL Description
Work or sometimes referred to as energy, is a characteristic of resilience or the ability of the material being tested to absorb energy. The Work algorithm calculates the area beneath the load-distance curve.
Work Tool
The Delta tool is used to measure or compare the differences between two variables. These variables can be load or distance. The Delta tool is ideal for creep and relaxation testing or on applications where you simply want to measure the change within a scope range. Break testing identifies when the material fractures or ruptures and provides a curve that can be used to identify the maximum load or distance prior to the break event. Break tools are used to find the point where a break occurred using two methods: % Drop after a maximum or using a load change rate using a slope.
Delta Tool
Break Tools
The % Drop method first looks for the maximum load first. Once the maximum load is determined, the algorithm next looks for a % drop in load. So, if the maximum load was measured as 100N, and the load dropped to 80N, that is a 20% drop in load.
Break (% Drop)
The Break Rate algorithm looks at the slope along the load-distance curve to determine the break point. The Break Rate rep- resents the slope used to find the break point along the curve. The Break Rate is the load/distance rate on the curve. A Break Rate of 10.000 will look for the point after the maximum load where the rate of 10N/mm occurs. The Multi-Run mode performs as a graphical statistical analysis by comparing runs to one another using the graph and special Multi-Run graph analysis tools. With the Multi-Run tools selected, you can now perform the following: • Find the Delta between multiple runs • Find the Minimum results between multiple runs • Find the Maximum results between multiple runs • Find the Average result between multiple runs
Break (Rate)
Multi-Run Tools
The Multi-Run Delta is used to measure, calculate and display the delta between the graphs of multiple test runs using the run with the greatest value and the run with the lowest value. You may measure the delta based on load or distance.
Delta
The Multi-Run Minimum tool for multiple run analysis is used to find the test run with the lowest value from all data streams of all runs that are displayed together.
Minimum
The Multi-Run Maximum tool for multiple run analysis is used to find the test run with the greatest value from all data streams of all runs that are displayed together.
Maximum
The Multi-Run Average tool for multiple run analysis is used to find the average of all test runs that are displayed together.
Average
The Formula Tool is available when you purchase the L2 Plus Automation Builder application. It is optional. The Formula Tool lets you create arithmetic, trigonometric and logarithmic expressions.
Formula Tool
Control Symbols CONTROLS Description
Choose to setup your system in Normal mode (Load x Distance). When in Normal mode, the crosshead position indicator is displayed as D.
Normal Mode
Choose to setup your system in Height mode (Load x Height). Height mode requires the user specifies a datum using the automatic datuming procedure. Test setups that will use Height mode, must have the system in Height mode BEFORE they create the test setup. When in Height mode, the crosshead position indicator is displayed as H. Choose between Slow and Fast jog speed when you select the Jog Speed symbol. When the pointer is displayed to the left, the jog speed is slow. When the pointer is displayed to the right, the jog speed is fast. The Load Cell symbol displays the full scale capacity of the current load cell connected to the test frame. Select the Load Cell symbol to display the model number, serial number, calibration information and view the sensor’s overload history. The Share symbol is used for manual exporting of data, results and graph images. The available export options vary depending on the display type you are viewing. You may display raw data, results, bit map image of your graph or you can export data to a clipboard for use with Word, Excel, etc.
Height Mode
Jog Speed
Load Cell
Share (Export)
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