Making a Difference 2019-2020

The Australian Research Council acknowledges the Traditional Owners of Country throughout Australia and their continuing connection to lands, waters and communities. We pay our respects to Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander cultures and to Elders past, present and emerging. Please note: Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander people should be aware that this publication may contain the names or images of deceased persons. The ARC is also responsible for administering the Engagement and Impact (EI) assessment. EI assesses the engagement of researchers with research end-users and shows how universities are translating their research into economic, social, environmental, cultural and other impacts. Assessments are made by expert panels of researchers and research end-users using narrative studies and supporting quantitative indicators. The ARC evaluates the quality of Australian university research through the Excellence in Research for Australia (ERA) program . ERA is an evaluation framework that identifies research excellence in Australian universities by comparing Australia’s research effort against international benchmarks. ERA assesses quality using a combination of indicators and expert review by research evaluation committees. THE AUSTRALIAN RESEARCH COUNCIL The Australian Research Council (ARC) is a non-corporate Commonwealth entity within the Australian Government. The ARC’s purpose is to grow knowledge and innovation for the benefit of the Australian community through funding the highest quality research, assessing the quality, engagement and impact of research and providing advice on research matters. The ARC funds research and researchers under the National Competitive Grants Program (NCGP). The NCGP consists of two elements—Discovery and Linkage. Within these elements are a range of schemes structured to provide a pathway of incentives for researchers to build the scope and scale of their work and collaborative partnerships. The majority of funding decisions under the NCGP are made on the basis of peer review.

ISSN (Print) 2209-6000 ISSN (Online) 2209-7414 Published: August 2020 © Commonwealth of Australia 2020

All material presented in this publication is provided under a CC Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 4.0 International (CC BY-NC-ND 4.0) licence www.creativecommons. org > Licenses > by-nc-nd/4.0 with the exception of the Commonwealth Coat of Arms, the Australian Research Council (ARC) logo, images, signatures and where otherwise stated. The details of the relevant licence conditions are available on the Creative Commons website as is the full legal code for the CC Attribution BY-NC-ND 4.0 licence www. creativecommons.org > licenses > by-nc-nd 4.0 legal code. Requests and enquiries regarding this licence should be addressed to ARC Legal Services on +61 2 6287 6600. Images: Front cover: Glitching neutron star opens up to researchers (page 13). Artist’s impression of the inside of a neutron star—Credit: Carl Knox, ARC Centre of Excellence for Gravitational Wave Discovery (OzGrav). Back cover: Mangrove dieback reveals an unexpected source of methane (page 45). Credit: Southern Cross University. Contents page: 1. The key to success is a company’s culture (page 19). Factory floor at Sebel Furniture. Credit: Stephen Healy. 2. Mangrove dieback reveals an unexpected source of methan (page 45). The research team encountering some obstacles on the way to measuring methane emissions from a forest of dead mangroves in the Gulf of Carpentaria. Credit: Southern Cross University. 3. Understanding extreme bushfire behaviour and firestorm development (page 58). Image: 2014 Grampians Fire, Victoria, exhibiting a towering fire cloud or ‘pyrocumulonimbus’. Credit: Randall Bacon. 4. Dancing kids achieve boosted abilities to self-regulate (page 66). QUT early childhood researcher Kate Williams has developed a fun rhythm and movement program linked to pathways in the brain to support young children's attentional and emotional development. Credit: QUT. 5. The lasting impact of caregiving for a dying loved one (page 75). Helping the needy stock photo. Istock.com/Lighthaunter. ARC scheme information: (page 84) Watercolor illustration. iStock.com/Kalistratova .

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