Public Hearing document for the draft HV Standard Installation & Maintenance Modules
Operations training
High Voltage Standard
V2
Publication date: PUBLIC HEARING DRAFT 0.1
Operations training
High Voltage Standard / V2 PUBLIC HEARING DRAFT 0.1
CONTENTS
1. LIST OF ABBREVIATIONS .................................................................................................................................5
2. TERMS AND DEFINITIONS...............................................................................................................................6
3. CHANGE LOG ................................................................................................................................................. 10
4. SCOPE .............................................................................................................................................................10
5. GENERAL REQUIREMENTS FOR THE HIGH VOLTAGE STANDARD ...........................................................10
5.1 5.2 5.3 5.4 5.5 5.6 5.7 5.8
Overview
11 11 11 12 13 14 14 15
Target Groups
Aims and Objectives
Duration of the High Voltage Standard Modules
Validity Period Course Codes
Participant Prerequisites
Instructor Qualification Prerequisites
6. USING THIS STANDARD TO DEVELOP TRAINING .......................................................................................16
6.1 6.2 6.3
Lesson planning
16 17 17
Participant Performance Assessment
Alignment References
7. HIGH VOLTAGE OPERATIONS ......................................................................................................................20
7.1
Aims and objectives for the High Voltage Operations Module
20
7.2 Generic approach to High Voltage Operations training and the need for company specific development 20 7.3 Progression following completion of GWO High Voltage Operations Module 20 7.4 Duration of the High Voltage Operations Module 21 7.5 Instructor to Participant Ratio for High Voltage Operations Module 21 7.6 Equipment for the High Voltage Operations Module 21 7.7 Timetable for the High Voltage Operations Module 22 7.8 Detailed Description of the High Voltage Operations Module 24
Module introduction ......................................................................................................................... 24 Human factors, safety mindset and attitude..................................................................................... 28 Wind farm HV energy systems and equipment ................................................................................ 31 Hazards and risks awareness in HV Environments ............................................................................ 36 Safety and control measures in HV environments ............................................................................ 41 Regulations, guidelines and company HV rules ............................................................................... 43 SSOW for HV operations and communications ................................................................................ 44 Duties, roles and responsibilities for HV operations ......................................................................... 46
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Tools and PPE for High Voltage working.......................................................................................... 47 Fundamentals and principles for operating High Voltage systems under a SSOW........................49 HV Switching: Scenario based practical activities........................................................................... 54 Tools, equipment and methods for confirming Absence of Voltage..............................................61 Applying HV Isolations and Earth ................................................................................................... 64 Safe control during HV testing ....................................................................................................... 67 Written knowledge test .................................................................................................................. 72 Training review ............................................................................................................................... 73
8. HIGH VOLTAGE CABLE PULLING ..................................................................................................................77
8.1 8.2 8.3 8.4 8.5 8.6
Aims and objectives of the High Voltage Cable Pulling Module
77 77 77 78 78 79
Duration of the High Voltage Cable Pulling
Instructor to Participant Ratio for the High Voltage Cable Pulling Module Equipment Requirements of the High Voltage Cable Pulling Module Timetable of the High Voltage Cable Pulling Module Detailed Description of the High Voltage Cable Pulling Module
Module introduction ......................................................................................................................... 79 Awareness of basic HV cable theory................................................................................................. 84 Breakout inspections ........................................................................................................................ 88 Cable inspection............................................................................................................................... 92 Safe working during HV cable pulling operations ............................................................................ 93 Preparation of HV cable, equipment and tools ................................................................................ 97 Handling the HV cable ................................................................................................................... 100 Conducting the cable pulling operation......................................................................................... 103 Completing the cable pull .............................................................................................................. 105 Training review ............................................................................................................................. 107
9. HIGH VOLTAGE T-CONNECTOR INSTALLATION ......................................................................................110
9.1 9.2 9.3 9.4 9.5 9.6
Aims and objectives of the High Voltage T-Connector Installation Module Duration of the High Voltage T-Connector Installation Module Instructor to Participant Ratio for the High Voltage T-Connector Installation Module Equipment Requirements of the High Voltage T-Connector Installation Module Timetable of the High Voltage T-Connector Installation Module Detailed Description of the High Voltage T-Connector Installation Module
110 110 110 111 111 112
Module introduction ....................................................................................................................... 112 HV Cable, Connectors & Components........................................................................................... 117 Inspection, Cleaning & Preparation of T-Connectors ..................................................................... 121 Guided Practical Installation Session .............................................................................................. 125 Installation Safe Working Practice Session ..................................................................................... 126 Summative Assessment Practical Installation.................................................................................. 127 Training review ............................................................................................................................... 129
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10. HIGH VOLTAGE TRANSFORMER MAINTENANCE .....................................................................................131
10.1 10.2 10.3 10.4 10.5 10.6
Aims and objectives of the HV Transformer Maintenance Module
131 131 131 132 132 133
Duration of the HV Transformer Maintenance Module
Instructor to Participant Ratio for the HV Transformer Maintenance Module Equipment Requirements of the HV Transformer Maintenance Module Timetable of the HV Transformer Maintenance Module Detailed Description of the HV Transformer Maintenance Module
Module introduction ....................................................................................................................... 133 Safe working with HV Transformers ................................................................................................ 138 Routine inspection and maintenance practical ............................................................................... 142 Inspection and Maintenance: Summative Assessment ...................................................................144 Training review ............................................................................................................................... 146
ANNEX 1 - EQUIPMENT LIST ....................................................................................................................................148
ANNEX 2 - HV OPERATIONS - PERSONAL EXPERIENCE LOGBOOK.....................................................................153
ANNEX 3 - ALIGNMENT REFERENCES.....................................................................................................................154
ANNEX 4 - GUIDLINE FOR WARM-UP EXERCISES ..................................................................................................156
ANNEX 5 - VERSION HISTORY ..................................................................................................................................163
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1. LIST OF ABBREVIATIONS
AC
Alternating Current
AP
Authorised Person
ANSI
American National Standards Institute
BOP
Balance Of Plant (electrical)
CoHE
Control of Hazardous Energy
CT / VT Current Transformer / Voltage Transformer
DC
Direct Current
EPR
Ethylene Propylene Rubber (cable)
GIS
Gas Insulated Switchgear
GWO
Global Wind Organisation
G+
Offshore Wind Health and Safety Organisation
HV
High Voltage
IEC
International Electrotechnical Commission
MV
Medium Voltage
NFPA
National Fire Protection Association
PE
Protective Earth
PPE
Personal Protective Equipment
RCD
Residual Current Device
SAP
Senior Authorised Person
SCADA Supervisory Control And Data Acquisition
SF6
Sulphur hexafluoride (gas)
SLD
Single Line Diagram
SSOW
Safe System of Work
WTG
Wind Turbine Generator
XLPE
Cross-linked polyethylene (cable)
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2. TERMS AND DEFINITIONS
Term
Definition
Authorised Person
For the purposes of the GWO HV standard, this refers to those with the necessary competence to be authorised to operate HV switchgear in the workplace. The determination of readiness for authorisation is the responsibility of the employer. See also the term ‘ Switching Person’ below. Various terms are used in different regions to indicate that a person holds a record of this competence, and authorisation is often categorised under a range of different HV tasks, duties and responsibilities. This person will require specific training in safe HV operations and working experience in a high voltage operational environment. Once sufficient workplace experience has been recorded, the employer should determine readiness to nominate an individual for authorisation in accordance with company SSOW and regulatory requirements locally. Requirements vary in different regions and in some but not all regions, they must also be a Qualified Electrical Person (or the local equivalent). For the purposes of the GWO HV standard, consider only the Electrical Balance of Plant as relevant to discussion on the HV electrical infrastructure. This is the link delivering power produced by a wind turbine to the electrical network including cable networks of medium and high voltage cables, copper cables and optical fibre cables, onshore or offshore, such as subsea, underground and overhead transmission lines. It includes substation apparatus such as transformers, breakers, switches, relays, and the range of electrical switch gear to protect and/or disconnect turbines or other equipment from the system, and grounding and connections for control rooms, maintenance facilities and point of connection equipment to feed the wind farm’s power generation into the electrical grid. For the purposes of the GWO HV Cable Pulling module, the term ‘breakout’ refers to the terminated cable end of a multi-core power cable (MV / HV cable), which is separated into the component conductors, pre-assembled with field control body and cable lugs. This configuration of cable parts is highly sensitive to even very minor damage and as such, before a main tower cable is pulled into position, it is subject to careful inspection and the application of suitable protection system – referred to commonly as a ‘Rocket / Bullet / Torpedo’ or generically as the ‘cable breakout protection’.
Balance of Plant
Breakout
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Circuit-breaker
A mechanical switching device, capable of making, carrying, and breaking currents under normal circuit conditions and also, making and carrying for a specified time and breaking currents under specified abnormal circuit conditions such as those of short circuit.
Deranged equipment
Equipment that is suspected to be damaged and must be treated with more caution than equipment in its normal condition.
For the purposes of the GWO HV standard, the term High Voltage is used for voltages normally exceeding low voltage. The exact voltage designation varies globally depending on where you work.
High Voltage
Use of the term High Voltage in the GWO HV standard:
Terms for low, medium and high voltage may be applied in different ways in different geographies and in other working contexts, such as at the electrical distribution and transmission network levels. For example, IEC defines high voltage as a voltage which exceeds 1000 V AC or 1500 V DC., while NFPA 70E and OSHA defines on or above 600V as high voltage working. At the electrical network level, IEC defines high voltage lines as those above 36 kV (36,000 volts), while medium voltage lines are networks with a voltage between 1 and 35 kV (1,000 and 35,000 volts). For the purposes of the GWO HV Cable Pulling module, the term ‘HV Cable’ refers primarily to the main WTG tower cable carrying power from the point of termination in the nacelle equipment to the point of termination at equipment within the base of the tower. In the workplace, this may also be referred to as a medium voltage (MV) cable. The cable breakout referred to within the training relates to the breakout of this cable, found at the termination point in the top of the WTG tower at the nacelle equipment. See: Breakout . Human factors are an established science that uses many disciplines (like anatomy, physiology, physics, and biomechanics) to understand how people perform under different circumstances. For the purposes of the GWO HV standard, the term low voltage is used to refer to voltages less than those defined as high voltage. The exact voltage designation varies globally depending on where you work.
High Voltage Cable
Human factors
Low voltage
Use of voltage classifications in the GWO HV standard:
IEC defines LV as voltages normally exceeding 50 V AC or 120 V DC but not exceeding 1000 V AC or 1500 V DC between conductors, or 600 V AC or 900 V DC between conductors and earth. According to the ANSI C84.1-2020: low voltage is between 240 to 600 V and medium voltage is 2.4 to 69kV.
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Must
For clarity where the word ‘must’ is used in this standard it shall have the same meaning as ‘shall’.
Ordinary Person
A person who is not a Qualified Person and does not have any responsibilities, given that this person generally needs control, instruction, and supervision to carry out assigned working activities. Additionally, a person who can be instructed to apply his personal lockout equipment in accordance with a company specific Lockout-Tagout program, procedures, and rules. In the context of electrical systems, "Return to Service" refers to the process of activating or reinstating electrical equipment or systems that have been taken out of operation for maintenance, repairs, or other reasons. It involves re-energizing equipment and ensuring it is functioning correctly after being offline. This process requires careful planning and execution to ensure safety and prevent hazards. ‘Rocket / Bullet / Torpedo’ are common informal workplace terms referring to the cable breakout protection system. This is applied to enclose sensitive parts of the cable breakout, before commencing a cable pulling operation. The breakout protection system, although sometimes similar in appearance, should not be confused with a traditional ‘Cable Pulling Head’ tool - which is a standard device fitted to a cable end and used as the pulling point. Where a multi-core power cable end is terminated with a breakout, a cable sock or grip is used to provide the cable pulling point.
Return to Service
Rocket / Bullet / Torpedo
Safe System of Work A Safe System of Work (SSOW) is a set of procedures according to which work must be carried out. SSOW are required where hazards cannot be eliminated, and some risk still exists.
The SSOW can include a wide range of elements such risk assessments, permit to work, energy isolations, confined space entry permits, and others. To reduce or eliminate exposure to hazards, they must be strictly followed. ‘Sanction for Test’ or ‘Sanction to Test’ is a formal written authorisation to allow a person to perform testing on the HV electrical equipment. It provides details on what equipment is to be tested and the condition under which the testing is to be carried out. For the purposes of the GWO HV standard, Senior Authorised Person (SAP) refers to a professional who will be responsible for the safety of themselves and others in HV areas; they will take steps to ensure HV equipment is safely isolated and safe to work on and are ultimately responsible as a senior figure for overseeing the work of Authorised Persons. The SAP will be responsible for writing Switching Schedules
Sanction for Test
Senior Authorised Person
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/ Instructions and for issuing safety documents such as high voltage electrical permits to work. Various terms are used in different regions to indicate that a person holds a record of this competence including SAP / HV Operating Authority. Designed to provide a realistic imitation of the controls and operation of a tool, device, or other complex system, for training purposes. It may integrate both physical and software elements, and technologies such as Virtual Reality or Augmented Reality. A combination of one or more switching devices together with associated control, measuring, signal, protective and regulating equipment completely assembled under the responsibility of the manufacturer with all the internal electrical and mechanical interconnections and structural parts. For the purposes of the GWO HV standard, the term ‘Switching Person’ refers to the person designated to receive instructions from the SAP / HV Operating Authority and perform actions under instructions including taking responsibility for: • performing Switching, Isolation and Earthing of High Voltage Apparatus, Conductors and Systems as per an approved Switching Schedule / Sheet/Instruction • ensuring measures are implemented as specified in Switching Operations instructions for safe control of the activity and the work group, including proper communications and setup of barriers and signs.
Simulator
Switchgear
Switching Person
Shall
Verbal form used to indicate requirements strictly to be followed in order to conform to this training standard and from which no deviation is permitted.
Should
Verbal form used to indicate that among several possibilities one is recommended as particularly suitable, without mentioning or excluding others, or that a certain course of action is preferred but not necessarily required.
Toolbox talk
A pre-task safety briefing that takes place at the work site, covering the risks, hazards, control and methods of the task being performed.
Qualified Electrical Person
Perform electrical work. Needs to have been trained or instructed on the task and the equipment. Examples of responsibilities: • switch off, switch on, test absence of voltage, replace a component, establish an electrical lockout etc.
lead and supervise electrical tasks
•
• performing a pre-task briefing prior to work on electrical systems
• acting as a supervisor for Ordinary Persons working on, or in the vicinity of, electrical systems.
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3. CHANGE LOG
Publication Date
Version
PUBLIC HEARING DRAFT-01 for Peer Review
2
For detailed descriptions of changes, please see the changelog published on GWO’s website here:
High Voltage V2 Change Log (link pending final version)
New modules added to the standard.
• Module 3: High Voltage T-Connector Installation
• Module 4: High Voltage Transformer Maintenance
4. SCOPE
Global Wind Organisation is a non-profit body founded by the wind turbine manufacturers and owners. Our members strive for an injury free work environment in the wind turbine industry, setting common international standards for safety training and emergency procedures. Development of a GWO High Voltage Standard will enhance safety in the wind industry, improve competence and standardisation, improve industry collaboration and enhance the GWO portfolio to meet industry demands. This standard has been developed in response to the demand for recognisable high voltage training in the industry and has been prepared in cooperation between the members of GWO based on risk assessments and factual incident and accident statistics from G+ and the wind industry. GWO members agree that everyone working on one of their properties (wind turbine generators, sub stations, etc.) shall complete high voltage training courses relevant for their assignments. All work shall be done in teams of at least two competent persons. Exemptions from the above can be made based on internal company rules.
General feedback on this document can be sent to info@globalwindsafety.org. See globalwindsafety.org on how to raise a complaint about a training provider or report a safety incident occurring during training.
5. GENERAL REQUIREMENTS FOR THE HIGH VOLTAGE STANDARD Upon completion of the High Voltage Modules, participants will be able to support work related to high voltage equipment and systems as per the specific module focus area and detailed topics within.
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5.1 Overview
The GWO High Voltage Standard is divided into the following 4 modules:
Module 1: High Voltage Operations Module 2: High Voltage Cable Pulling
Module 3: High Voltage T-Connector Installation Module 4: High Voltage Transformer Maintenance
5.2 Target Groups
Target Groups - High Voltage Operations The training target group includes workers required to operate and make safe high voltage equipment and systems, under a documented safe system of work, including commissioning technicians and service technicians, both onshore and offshore. Target Groups - High Voltage Cable Pulling The training target group includes workers required to perform or supervise high voltage cable pulling operations, including offshore pre-assembly technicians, as well as installation technicians and service technicians completing replacement of HV cable, both onshore and offshore. Target Groups - High Voltage T-Connector Installation The training target group includes workers required to perform connection or disconnection of plug and play type HV cable connectors. The training is suitable for technicians working with pre-terminated HV cables and a range of typical separable HV connector types used in the wind industry, both onshore and offshore during HV equipment installation and maintenance activities. Target Groups - High Voltage Transformer Maintenance The training target group includes workers required to support the maintenance of high voltage transformers and adjacent systems in the wind industry, both onshore and offshore. The training is suitable for technicians who require an introduction to safe and effective procedures for routine inspection and basic corrective maintenance tasks on HV transformers. 5.3 Aims and Objectives Training in accordance with this High Voltage Standard will enable participants to support work related to high voltage equipment and systems as per the specific module focus area and detailed topics within. High Voltage Operations This training intends to prepare workers to operate and make safe High Voltage equipment and systems, under a documented safe system of work. High Voltage Cable Pulling This training focusses on the effective performance of High Voltage Cable Pulling operations, under a documented safe system of work. The goal of training is to increase the quality of HV cable pulling operations, while supporting and promoting safe working practices.
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High Voltage T-Connector Installation The training prepares technicians to apply procedures to safely and correctly perform inspection, cleaning, preparation, and connection or disconnection of HV separable connectors when working with pre-terminated HV cable. The training will familiarise participants with a range of typical separable HV connector types and components used in the wind industry, including T-Connectors, surge arrestors including both inner cone and outer cone type connectors from a range of manufacturers. High Voltage Transformer Maintenance The training prepares technicians to apply procedures to safely and correctly carry out routine inspection and basic corrective maintenance tasks on HV transformers. The training will provide participants with an understanding of the procedures for safe routine maintenance of HV transformers and provide practical experience of HV transformer inspection and routine maintenance tasks.
5.4 Duration of the High Voltage Standard Modules
The total contact time for completing each module within the High Voltage Standard is given in the module timetables and summarised in table 5.4.1 below.
The training provider must not exceed the time per day given in table 5.4.2 below.
Modules
Duration
High Voltage Operations
28 hours
High Voltage Cable Pulling
7 hours 25 minutes
High Voltage T-Connector Installation
14 hours
High Voltage Transformer Maintenance
4 hours
Table 5.4.1 - Duration of the GWO HV Modules
Maximum Duration Per Day
Contact time
8 hours
Total training day
10 hours
Table 5.4.2 - Maximum durations for training days
Contact time includes delivery of course lesson content, practical exercises and activities directly related to these.
Note
The total training day includes contact time, meals and breaks and travel between training sites (where applicable).
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5.5 Validity Period
The GWO High Voltage Standard modules are valid for the period stated below.
High Voltage Operations High Voltage Operations is an enduring qualification based on the expectation that the participant is actively working under supervision in a wind industry HV environment, on the path to becoming an authorised person for HV operations. Timely progression from initial training to achieving authorisation should be expected, normally within a period of 3 years. If progression to authorisation is not achieved within a timely period, then retraining needs should be considered to ensure compliance per company policy or local compliance requirements.
Once achieving the status of a HV authorised person, it would not normally be expected to repeat this training.
High Voltage Cable Pulling High Voltage Cable Pulling is an enduring qualification. This is based on the expectation that the participant is actively working in a wind turbine environment and involved in HV cable pulling operations.
If there is an extended period of absence from applying the skills, retraining and recertification may be required according to company policy or local compliance requirements.
High Voltage T-Connector Installation High Voltage T-Connector Installation is an enduring qualification. This is based on the expectation that following initial training the participant proceeds to gain and record workplace experience under supervision, working with HV separable connectors and thereafter remains actively working in a wind industry HV environment. If progression from initial training to workplace competence is not achieved within a timely period, or if there is an extended period of absence from applying the skills, retraining and recertification may be required according to company policy or local compliance requirements. High Voltage Transformer Maintenance High Voltage Transformer Maintenance is an enduring qualification. This is based on the expectation that the participant is actively working in a wind turbine environment and involved in HV transformer maintenance activities.
If there is an extended period of absence from applying the skills, retraining and recertification may be required according to company policy or local compliance requirements.
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5.6 Course Codes
Module
Course Code
High Voltage Operations
HVOP
High Voltage Cable Pulling
HVCP
High Voltage T-Connector Installation
HVTC
High Voltage Transformer Maintenance
HVTM
Table 5.6.1 - Course codes for HV standard modules
5.7 Participant Prerequisites
All participants must meet the participant prerequisites described in the GWO Requirements for Training, as well as those detailed below for each module.
Training providers must apply additional participant prerequisites as necessary to comply with an employing company policy or any local regulatory compliance requirement.
High Voltage Operations - Participant Prerequisites Participants attending this training must possess underpinning knowledge, skills, abilities in safe low voltage electrical working. They must have the capability to perform tasks while exposed to low voltage hazards and risks and have electrical workplace experience, to be technically capable to participate and succeed in the training. They must have completed training equivalent to GWO BTT Electrical and GWO CoHE Electrical Safety.
High Voltage Cable Pulling - Participant Prerequisites
Participants attending this training must possess underpinning knowledge, skills, abilities in mechanical work and have an awareness of safe lifting operations to support succeeding in this training. They must have completed training equivalent to GWO BTT Mechanical.
Although not required as prerequisites for attending this training, workers leading HV cable pulling operations in the workplace may require in addition to this module, training equivalent to the GWO Slinger Signaller Standard and / or the GWO Crane and Hoist Standard.
Note
Any such requirements should be determined by the employer, based on the designated duties within the HV cable pulling team.
High Voltage T-Connector Installation Participants attending this training must possess underpinning knowledge, skills, abilities in safe electrical working and have the capability to perform tasks safely while exposed to electrical hazards and risks.
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It is recommended that participants have completed training equivalent to GWO BTT Electrical and GWO CoHE Electrical Safety and have electrical workplace experience, to be technically capable to participate and succeed in the training. High Voltage Transformer Maintenance Participants attending this training must possess underpinning knowledge, skills, abilities in mechanical work and have an awareness of safe electrical working.
It is recommended that participants have completed training equivalent to GWO BTT Mechanical, GWO BTT Electrical and GWO CoHE Electrical Safety to support succeeding in this training.
5.8 Instructor Qualification Prerequisites
A competent GWO High Voltage instructor must adhere to the instructor requirements for providers within the GWO Requirements for Training, as well as the specifics detailed below for each module.
High Voltage Operations
To deliver GWO High Voltage Operations training the instructor must: 1. Possess appropriate qualifications and experience in high voltage operations to be able to ensure that all learning activities are carried out in accordance with current legislation and the industry standards and good practice requirements in the region where training is delivered.
2. Be able to demonstrate knowledge, practical skills and abilities in safe high voltage operations comparable to those executed by the participants during the practical exercises of the module.
3. Be included in an on-going professional development program, which enables them to maintain and update skills and knowledge related to HV electrical technologies and HV operations working practices in the wind industry.
High Voltage Cable Pulling
To deliver GWO High Voltage Cable Pulling training the instructor must: 1. Possess appropriate qualifications and experience in HV cable pulling operations to be able to ensure that all learning activities are carried out in accordance with current legislation and the industry standards and good practice requirements in the region where training is delivered.
2. Be able to demonstrate knowledge, practical skills and abilities in safe HV cable pulling operations comparable to those executed by the participants during the practical exercises of the module.
3. Be included in an on-going professional development program, which enables them to maintain and update skills and knowledge related to HV cable technologies and good working practices for HV cable pulling in the wind industry.
High Voltage T-Connector Installation
To deliver GWO High Voltage T-Connector Installation training the instructor must:
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1. Possess appropriate current experience working with HV cable T-Connector installation to be able to ensure learning activities are carried out in accordance with current legislation, industry standards and good practice requirements in the region where training is delivered. 2. Possess records to illustrate they are suitably qualified to be able to instruct others in the activities performed by participants during the practical exercises of the module, for the specific manufacturer cable products, connector types and components selected for use during the training delivered in their training setting. 3. Be included in an on-going professional development program, which enables them to maintain and update skills and knowledge related to HV cable technologies and good HV working practices in the wind industry.
High Voltage Transformer Maintenance
To deliver GWO High Voltage Transformer Maintenance training the instructor must: 1. Possess appropriate qualifications and experience in HV transformer maintenance operations to be able to ensure that all learning activities are carried out in accordance with current legislation, industry standards and good practice requirements in the region where training is delivered. 2. Be able to demonstrate knowledge, practical skills and abilities in safe HV transformer maintenance activities comparable to those executed by the participants during the practical exercises of the module. 3. Be included in an on-going professional development program, which enables them to maintain and update skills and knowledge related to good working practices for HV transformer maintenance in the wind industry.
6. USING THIS STANDARD TO DEVELOP TRAINING
If you have questions about this standard you can access support and read answers to FAQs in the: GWO Help Centre.
Note
The training in this standard is designed around the GWO taxonomy described in the GWO Requirements for Training. Theoretical and practical activities must be delivered according to the defined taxonomic level to reach the described learning objectives.
In addition to this, all training based on this standard including all related resources shall, as a minimum, meet the requirements described in the GWO Requirements for Training.
6.1 Lesson planning All training developed from this standard must comply with the GWO Requirements for Training and must be supported by the development of comprehensive lesson plans based on and referenced to the standard.
Lesson plans must be referenced against all learning objectives within this standard and indicate the assessment methods used for each learning objective.
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6.2 Participant Performance Assessment
If a participant fails to meet the demands of a GWO High Voltage module, they shall attend a new module.
The assessment records must be maintained using the Participant Performance Assessment Form as per the GWO Requirements for Training.
High Voltage Operations Participant knowledge, skills and abilities should be assessed on an ongoing basis during practical scenario- based exercises, by means of direct observation and verbal questioning. The instructor should use this as a method of formative evaluation to support participants in reaching the module objectives. The instructor shall also utilise direct observation and verbal questioning on an ongoing basis through the training, to determine participant achievement of the required learning objectives in the domains of knowledge, skills and abilities, to support the overall summative evaluation of the module.
In addition, a written knowledge test shall be administered to each participant to support the overall summative assessment of knowledge-based learning objectives within the module.
High Voltage Cable Pulling Participants knowledge, skills and abilities should be assessed by means of direct observation and verbal questioning during practical scenario-based exercises. The instructor should use this as a method of formative evaluation to support participants in reaching the module objectives.
The instructor must also utilise this direct observation and verbal questioning to determine participant achievement of the knowledge, skills and abilities in support of the summative assessment of the module.
High Voltage T-Connector Installation Participants knowledge, skills and abilities should be assessed by means of direct observation and verbal questioning during practical scenario-based exercises. The instructor should use this as a method of formative evaluation to support participants in reaching the module objectives.
The instructor must also utilise this direct observation and verbal questioning to determine participant achievement of the knowledge, skills and abilities in support of the summative assessment of the module.
High Voltage Transformer Maintenance Participants knowledge, skills and abilities should be assessed by means of direct observation and verbal questioning during practical scenario-based exercises. The instructor should use this as a method of formative evaluation to support participants in reaching the module objectives.
The instructor must also utilise this direct observation and verbal questioning to determine participant achievement of the knowledge, skills and abilities in support of the summative asssessment of the module.
6.3 Alignment References
Annex 3 contains a table of references to relevant standards and norms that were used to create the GWO High Voltage Standard.
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Please use the generic terms and definitions from the GWO High Voltage Standard whenever possible in place of the terms and definitions used in the referenced standards and norms.
Note
Participants may work under any variety of safe systems of work, so the language and terminology have been chosen to be as applicable as possible across the most common systems of work. The terms and definitions in the standard are based on the common ground of different recognised standards to support training in varied global regions.
Training delivery in each region may align terms and definitions used whenever necessary to meet local compliance requirements.
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High Voltage Operations
(HVOP)
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7. HIGH VOLTAGE OPERATIONS
7.1 Aims and objectives for the High Voltage Operations Module The aim of this module is to enable participants, through theoretical and practical training, to be prepared to operate and make safe high voltage equipment and systems, under a documented safe system of work. After having successfully completed the High Voltage Operations module, the participants will be trained in safe operations of high voltage equipment and systems. They will be ready to return to the workplace for local training within the specific SSOW and HV rules within their own workplace. Completion of this training alone does not deem participants competent to perform HV operations in the workplace. 7.2 Generic approach to High Voltage Operations training and the need for company specific development GWO High Voltage Operations training adopts a generic approach that provides a basic level of common understanding and awareness for safe HV work based on knowledge, skills and abilities within each of the lesson subjects. Lessons within this training cover highly varied regional, company and site-specific regulations, practices and procedures, with significant differences in equipment and ways of working. GWO High Voltage Operations training must be supplemented by company SSOW and site-specific training, as well as equipment-specific training in many cases. The learning objectives adopt a generic approach to support and underpin progressing to employer, site and equipment specific training.
It is always the responsibility of the duty holder to determine if a GWO training is sufficient in relation to the tasks, hazards and risks they expose a GWO trained person to, or if additional training is required.
7.3 Progression following completion of GWO High Voltage Operations Module
Completion of the GWO High Voltage Operations Module provides participants with a foundational level of knowledge, skills and ability in safe HV operations.
Following training, participants should progress to gain and record supervised workplace experience in HV operations to develop the necessary confidence and situational awareness to operate safely in controlled hazardous environments, while aligning with company and site-specific standards. Timely progression from initial training to achieving authorisation should be expected, normally within a period of 3 years. If progression to authorisation is not achieved within a timely period, then retraining needs should be considered to ensure compliance per company policy or local compliance requirements. Once sufficient workplace experience has been recorded, the duty holder should determine readiness to nominate an individual for authorisation in accordance with the company SSOW and regulatory requirements.
The determination of readiness for authorisation is the responsibility of the duty holder. Once achieving the status of a HV authorised person, it would not normally be expected to repeat this training.
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Refer to Annex 2 template: HV Operations - Personal Experience Logbook
Note
This template may be used to prepare and issue a logbook to participants following training, in digital or printed format. It may then be used to record supervised personal workplace experience in HV operations as participants progress towards authorisation. It is not mandatory.
7.4 Duration of the High Voltage Operations Module
High Voltage Operations Module
Total Training Contact Time
The total training contact time for the module is estimated to be
28 hours
Table 7.4.1 - Total Training Contact Time for High Voltage Operations Module
The training provider must not exceed the time per day given in this table Maximum Duration Per Day
Training contact time for any training day
8 hours
Total time allowed for any training day
10 hours
Table 7.4.2 - Maximum durations for training days
Training contact time includes delivery of course lesson content, practical exercises and activities directly related to these.
Note
The time for the total training day includes contact time, as well as any meals, breaks and travel between training sites (where applicable).
7.5 Instructor to Participant Ratio for High Voltage Operations Module The ratio shown for theory sessions indicates the maximum number of participants allowed to attend the course. Practical ratios indicate the maximum number of participants to be supervised at any time by an instructor during each practical activity.
Module
Session
Instructor to Participant Ratio
Theory
1:8
High Voltage Operations
Practical
1:4
Table 7.5.1 - Instructor to Participant Ratio for High Voltage Operations Module
7.6 Equipment for the High Voltage Operations Module
The equipment required for training as listed in Annex 1 must be available and must fulfil national legal requirements as listed where applicable.
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When teaching about equipment, a generic approach should be applied whenever possible aiming to avoid only a narrow product specific training. This ensures that participants are ready to adapt to the wide range of equipment they will use in the workplace after completion of this training. However, depending on national or regional legislation, company gap analysis and location specific risk assessments, product specific training or familiarisation may be required, which is the responsibility of the duty holder. 7.7 Timetable for the High Voltage Operations Module The order in which elements of this Module training are delivered may vary according to the lesson plans prepared for delivering by the training provider, however lesson 1 – 9 must be delivered before lessons 10 – 14, and lessons 15 – 16 must be the final lessons.
The delivery of this module must comply with the requirements described in the GWO Requirements for Training .
Lesson
Element
Duration
1. Module introduction
1.1 Safety instructions and emergency procedures 1.2 Facilities 1.3 Introduction 1.4 Aim and objectives 1.5 Ongoing and summative assessment 1.6 Motivation TOTAL 2.1 The role of human factors in safe operations 2.2 Holistic integration of human factors into all topics TOTAL 3.1 HV systems in the wind farm from WTG to grid 3.2 Definition and designations of HV 3.3 HV equipment and technologies overview 3.4 Circuit Breakers, Disconnectors, Earth Switches 3.5 Using Single Line Diagrams 3.6 Hazards and safety of HV versus LV 3.7 Environmental conditions affecting HV versus LV TOTAL 4.1 Hazards, risks and controls of working with HV equipment 4.2 Basement housed HV equipment 4.3 HV cable hazards and risks 4.4 Earthing protection
15 min.
2. Human factors, safety mindset and attitude
20 min.
3. Wind farm HV systems and equipment
155 min.
4. Hazards and risks awareness in HV Environments
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