Calculus Volume 1

Chapter 2 | Limits

137

4. Using a graphing calculator or computer software that allows us graph functions, we can plot the function f ( x ), making sure the functional values of f ( x ) for x -values near a are in our window. We can use the trace feature to move along the graph of the function and watch the y -value readout as the x -values approach a . If the y -values approach L as our x -values approach a from both directions, then lim x → a f ( x ) = L . Wemay need to zoom in on our graph and repeat this process several times.

We apply this Problem-Solving Strategy to compute a limit in Example 2.4 . Example 2.4 Evaluating a Limit Using a Table of Functional Values 1

sin x x using a table of functional values.

Evaluate lim x →0

Solution We have calculated the values of f ( x ) = (sin x )/ x for the values of x listed in Table 2.2 .

sin x x

sin x x

x

x

−0.1

0.998334166468

0.1

0.998334166468

−0.01

0.999983333417

0.01

0.999983333417

−0.001

0.999999833333

0.001

0.999999833333

−0.0001 0.999999998333

0.0001 0.999999998333

Table 2.2 Table of Functional Values for lim x →0

sin x x

Note : The values in this table were obtained using a calculator and using all the places given in the calculator output. As we read down each (sin x ) x column, we see that the values in each column appear to be approaching one. Thus, it is fairly reasonable to conclude that lim x →0 sin x x =1. A calculator or computer-generated graph of f ( x ) = (sin x ) x would be similar to that shown in Figure 2.13 , and it confirms our estimate.

Made with FlippingBook - professional solution for displaying marketing and sales documents online