Immunosuppression Whether due to medical treat- ments or certain conditions, weakens the body's natural defenses against cancer. This compromised immune response can allow cancer cells to proliferate unchecked.
Diet It plays a pivotal role in cancer risk, serving as both a shield and a sword. A balanced diet rich in fruits, vegetables, and whole grains provides essen- tial nutrients and antioxidants that can help protect against cancer. Conversely, diets high in processed foods, red and processed meats, and sugary drinks may increase the risk, fuelling inflammation and promoting obesity - a known risk factor for several types of cancer.
Chronic Inflammation Inflammation is a natural response that prompts damaged tissue to heal, kicking off a process where chemicals signal white blood cells to repair and rebuild. Normally, once healing is complete, inflammation subsides. However, in cases of chronic inflammation, this healing response persists without cause or end. The reasons for prolonged inflammation vary from lingering infections to immune system glitches or conditions like obesity. Over time, chronic inflammation can harm DNA, potentially paving the way for cancer. For instance, individuals with chronic inflammatory bowel diseases like ulcerative colitis or Crohn's disease face elevated risks of developing colon cancer.
Hormones Wield a dual-edged sword in cancer risk. While essential for regulating bodily functions, imbalances or excesses can fuel cancer growth. For example, elevated estrogenic levels have been linked to breast and uterine cancers. Understanding and managing hormone levels through lifestyle choices and medical interventions can play a crucial role in reducing cancer risk, emphasizing the importance of hormonal balance in maintaining overall health.
Infectious Agents These agents can stealthily elevate cancer risk by inserting their genetic material into our cells or triggering chronic inflammation. Some examples include viruses like HPV, HIV and Hepatitis B which can lead to cervical and liver cancers, respectively.
Obesity This isn't just about extra weight, it's a complex risk factor for cancer. Excess body fat can disrupt hormone levels, promote chronic inflam- mation, and create an environ- ment that encourages cancer cell growth.
Made with FlippingBook Ebook Creator