Genetic Factors Some individuals inherit genetic mutations that predispose them to certain cancers. These inherited mutations can significantly increase the risk of developing cancer. Since cancer is a genetic disease, it tends to affect three main types of genes in a person’s body.
Tumour suppressor genes These genes are like the vigilant guardians of our cells, working tirelessly to prevent the uncontrolled growth that leads to cancer. These genes act as the brakes on cell division, ensuring that cells only divide when necessary and repairing DNA damage to keep genetic information intact. When tumour suppressor genes function correctly, they halt the proliferation of potentially cancerous cells and initiate cell death if damage is irreparable. However, when these genes are mutated or deactivated, the cellular brakes fail, allowing cells to grow uncontrollably and form tumours. Think of tumour suppressor genes as the unsung heroes maintaining order in our bodies, preventing the rise of cancerous chaos.
DNA repair genes
Proto-oncogenes They are like the superheroes of our cells' DNA, playing crucial roles in normal cell growth and division. These genes act as regulators, ensuring cells grow and divide at the right times, keeping our bodies functioning properly. However, when these genes undergo mutations or are over-activated, they can transform into oncogenes - villainous counterparts that drive uncontrolled cell growth, leading to cancer. Think of proto-oncogenes as the benevolent forces maintaining balance in the cellular world, but with the potential to turn rogue under certain conditions, sparking the chaos of cancer.
These are the meticulous mechanics of our cells, constantly at work to maintain the integrity of our genetic blueprint. These genes produce proteins that detect and fix errors in DNA, which can occur from everyday environmental exposure or during normal cell division. By repairing damaged DNA, they prevent mutations that could lead to cancer and other diseases. Imagine DNA repair genes as an elite team of technicians, ensuring that our cellular machinery runs smoothly and accurately, safeguarding our health by keeping our DNA in top condition. When these repair mechanisms fail, the risk of genetic chaos and disease, including cancer, increases.
Made with FlippingBook Ebook Creator