divulge its inner workings and operations. 20 Whilst remaining a key terrorist movement during the 1960s and early 1970s seeking political revolution, in reality the terrorist threat imposed by the Weather Underground was dramatically overstated. As the Vietnam War came to an end, much of the violence and civil disobedience would all but disappear, allowing the introduction of new terrorist threats to arise during the 1970s. 21 Brenda a nd James Lutz argue that in ‘modern times, the use of terrorism by nationalists has often been associated with national liberation struggles against colonial powers.’ 22 Such was the case of Puerto Rican and Croatian Nationalists living in the United States during the 1960s and 1970s. These movements would adopt revolutionary terrorism in order to promote the desire for liberation in their homeland. Puerto Rican nationalists adopted anti-colonial protest and terrorism in an attempt to contest American involvement and intervention in their home state. Puerto Rico has been a commonwealth since 1952, allowing ‘some control over its internal affairs’ by the United States. 23 They did not maintain independence as a state, nor were they encompassed officially as a state within North America. This desire for independence and self-sufficiency led to a growing number of revolutionaries within America, where, as Bell 20 Bernard A. Weisberger, ‘The FBI Unbound’, American Heritage , 46 (1995) <http://www.americanheritage.com/content/fbi- unbound?page=show> [accessed 30 November 2015] p. 2. 21 Ted Robert Gurr, ‘Political Protest and Rebellion in the 1960s: The United States in World Perspective’, in Violence in America: Historical & Comparative Perspectives Eisenhower , ed. by Hugh Davis Graham and Ted Robert Gurr (London: SAGE Publications, 1979), p. 57. 22 Lutz and Lutz, p. 103. 23 Robert Pastor, ‘The International Debate on Puerto Rico: The Costs of Being an Agenda- Taker’, International Organization , 38 (1984), p. 576.
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