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developed and made gave them an advantage, and around 727BC the Kushite warriors invaded and ruled Egypt until about 653BC. There were in total seven Kushite pharaohs and they ruled for many years. The smelting, on the other hand, made what is probably the first noticeable contribution to global warming, though not on a global scale. This was because all of the trees they chopped down loosened the soil and the rocks were weathered and became sand. The gathering of iron ore did the same thing as gathering trees and destroyed what had been such a rich and fertile land. So from their own innovation came their own demise! Today it is a barren desert. When Sam Osman has travelled there, she experienced the most scary thing in her life—to avoid being sucked down by the sand, the driver raced at more than 150 mph over the desert sands . Luckily she arrived safely at the Nubian pyramids! ******** On Wednesday 5 th November the writer Sam Osman visited the Raymond Chandler Library. She came to talk about the Nubian empire in relation to Black History Month. Before the main talk there was a lunch for all the members of the Raymond Chandler Book Club. We were able to chat about what she read as a child and also ask some questions. She knew some interesting facts for instance, when she was a child the case of Lord Lucan was quite big news. Lord Lucan was intending to murder his wife but instead murdered the maid. After doing this he fled the house and has never been found for 40 years. She also brought in two Nubian weapons which were very cool. During the talk Sam started describing her studies into the Nubian empire. They were a civilisation that was around at roughly the same time as the Egyptians but pre- Jedidiah Burge Thomas 7L
dated them by a few thousand years. Also they were more powerful both economically and militarily. The reason for this is that they were on a part of the Nile that had massive forests and jungles along its banks. Their lands also included lots and lots of iron and to smelt iron you need water, wood and iron ore. She also talked about the time when Nubia invaded Egypt and created a line of pharaohs called the Black Pharaohs. The most powerful and famous of whom was the Pharaoh Thaka. To give you of an idea of how rich the empire was, they produced the modern day equivalent
Nubian Pharaohs
of $22,000,000,000 worth of gold. She then talked about what inspired her for her books and she said that she talked to someone who had been smuggled through Europe from Afghanistan to England and she said that it had inspired her to possibly write a story about it one day. James Lyon 7W
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