What is meant by the terms “Functioning” and “Non-Fu Functioning or Non-functioning refers to the hormone or chemical prod • Non-functioning neuroendocrine cancer cells usually retain their abi • Functioning neuroendocrine cancer cells produce and release abno they are usually responsible for. This abnormal release can result in hormone-associated symptoms / s Please Note: Functioning is a term that may also be used to describe nuclear medicine scans (e.g., Gallium68 Dotatate or FDG-PET scans)
In summary: Neuroendocrine Tumours (NETs) are: • well-differentiated cancers
• may be graded 1-3, depending on their Ki67% • may be Stage 1-4, depending on whether they are early or advanced stage • may be functioning or non-functioning Neuroendocrine Carcinomas (NECs) are: • poorly-differentiated cancers • have high Ki67 (above 20%) • may be small cell or large cell type in appearance • may be Stage 1-4, depending on whether they are early or advanced stage • are usually non-functioning (n.b. paraneoplastic syndrome may occur)
Made with FlippingBook - Share PDF online