2026 Membership Book FINAL

Case 1:25-cv-12578-RGS Document 1 Filed 09/15/25 Page 23 of 28

that Massachusetts explicitly mentions Robinhood in its Massachusetts v. Kalshi complaint and

recognizes that trading of Kalshi event contracts is available on Robinhood’s platform, Exhibit 1

¶¶ 129-130, and the emergency expedited relief Massachusetts has sought, Massachusetts v.

Kalshi , No. 2584CV02525, Dkts. 4, 10. A credible threat of prosecution under a preempted state

statute causes irreparable harm. See Morales , 504 U.S. at 381.

58.

Further, the harm to Robinhood’s reputation caused by the potential or

actual enforcement proceedings by Massachusetts and/or the Massachusetts Gaming

Commission is also irreparable, because it cannot be easily or quickly repaired. KalshiEx

(D.N.J.) , 2025 WL 1218313, at *7; KalshiEx (D. Nev.) , 2025 WL 1073495, at *7-8; see also

Ross-Simons of Warwick, Inc. v. Baccarat, Inc. , 102 F.3d 12, 20 (1st Cir. 1996) (“[I]njury to . . .

reputation is not easily measured or fully compensable in damages. Accordingly, this kind of

harm is often held to be irreparable.”). Robinhood also stands to lose the goodwill of its

customers, including its over 31,000 customers in Massachusetts. This goodwill, once lost,

cannot easily or quickly be regained, even if Robinhood ultimately prevails in litigation, and the

risk to goodwill therefore also constitutes irreparable harm. KalshiEx (D.N.J.) , 2025

WL 1218313, at *7; KalshiEx (D. Nev.) , 2025 WL 1073495, at *7; see also Get In Shape

Franchise, Inc. v. TFL Fishers, LLC , 167 F. Supp. 3d 173, 202-03 (D. Mass. 2016) (holding that

company was entitled to preliminary injunction to avoid reputational harm and loss of goodwill).

59.

Nor could Robinhood avoid irreparable harm by seeking a sports-

wagering license in Massachusetts or by ceasing to offer sports-related event contract trading in

Massachusetts. Even if sports-related event contract trading were sports wagering—and it is

not—and even if Robinhood could seek and be granted a Massachusetts sports-wagering license,

which is by no means a certainty due to the discretionary nature of the review process, see

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