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! A0BC$*D0%EF)#<030%_!@>_!F2#%M0_!R>_!F0B(0<_!@>_!O060%*)_!H>_!'&$*D0%_!i>_!L$0&<0%_!S>_!>!>!>!K$<<_!=>![+,-,^>! /647#)2*2<4($67#0!B*&!M)D*$($YEY0%#2<(0*6(#0%210B($67#0!A2*DC0$((#0%21$0*!30$!7#%)*$67#0%!O01%066$)*?! O$0!A=8EO01%066$)*66(B&$0!~/647#)2*2<4($7!2*&!7)D*$($YE30#2Y$)%2! '(A?-%&o&i%),(?-#)!,&!j#&'(A?-"@+@BA(% _!g]_!db+EbP+>!! ! F0B(0<_!@>!'>_!A0BC$*D0%EF)#<030%_!@>_!5TD0%_!F>_!F2#%M0_!R>_!a0D0<0_!=>_!H260<327#0%_!=>_!L$0&<0%_!S>_!I0<<0%_! K>!G!H2B(C$*D0%_!@>![+,-+^>!/647#)2*2<4($7!2*&!7)D*$($Y0E30#2Y$)%!(#0%214!):!7#%)*$7!&01%066$)*?!6(B&4! 1%)()7)! 1#)@B( _!-P[-^_!--d!)10*!277066! ! A0BC$*D0%EF)#<030%_!@>q!F2#%M0_!R>q!a0D0<0_!=>![HD>^![+,-P^?! 8-#"+)(?-%&;%:#%(()"+C&D%#(,%-%+&o& `%-@+*%B+&o&2#!"#(?-%+ >![Q7#%$:(0*!&06!Q$D9B*&EL%0B&E;*6($(B(6>!50$#0!-?!I<$*$67#0!/647#)2*2<460?! O01%066$)*_!F&>!P^>!Sl(($*D0*?!V2*&0*#)07M!G!5B1%07#(! The multicentric large LAC study was started in 2005 and is ongoing (last patients are still in treatments). It is supported by the DGPT (the umbrella organization of all psychoanalytical schools in Germany, the Heidehof Foundation, the German Research Foundation (DFG), the Sigmund-Freud- Institute, the IPA, Dr. M. Tann and other private donators. W1/RY($-#'! Due to frequently demonstrated limited effectiveness of short-term psychotherapy for chronic depression we need trials of long-term psychotherapy. The LAC Depressionstudy is the first to determine the efficacy and effectiveness of controlled long-term psychodynamic and cognitive- behavioral (CBT) treatments and to assess the effects of preferential vs. randomized assessment. =&.4$'2^H&2*Y#! Patients are assigned to treatment according to their preference or randomized (if they have no preference). Up to 80 sessions of psychodynamic or psychoanalytically oriented treatments (PAT) or up to 60 sessions of CBT are offered during the first year in the study. After the first year, PAT can be continued according to the ‘naturalistic’ usual method of treating such patients within the system of German health care (normally from 240 up to 300 sessions over two to three years). CBT therapists may extend their treatment up to 80 sessions, but focus mainly on maintenance and relapse prevention. We have recruited a total of 402 patients (required were 60 per arm). A total of 11 assessments are conducted throughout treatment and up to five years after initiation of treatment. The primary outcome measures are the Quick Inventory of Depressive Symptoms (QIDS, independent clinician rating) and the Beck Depression Inventory (BDI). We are using several interviews (psychoanalytical initial interviews, SKID I,II, OPD Interviews (Operationalized Psychodynamic Diagnostics), HUS (Heidelberger Umstrukutrierungs Skala), SRS (Selfreflecting Scales), LIFE Interview and a broad spectrum of questionnaires. ?(&1.0&#.! Both treatments are manualized. The psychoanalytic treatments are based on a training by David Taylor and others using the Tavistock Treatment Manual for Depressed Patients (Taylor, 2010). The cognitive behavioral therapists have been trained by a manual developed by Martin Hautzinger (2003). The adherence of the therapies was studied using the Comparative Psychotherapy Process Scale Scales by Hilsenroth et al., 2005.
CNL
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