RECONCILIATION: MOVING FORWARD TOGETHER - BACKGROUND
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3.1.2.5 BC Housing’s Limitations of Authority
“Making sure there's enough affordable housing in B.C. is a joint responsibility across all levels of government.” – Province of British Columbia To better understand the findings and recommendations in this Report, it is helpful to know how various levels of governments operate together to provide affordable housing across Canada. Table 5 provides context for understanding the roles and responsibilities of the
federal, provincial, and local governments with respect to housing. Table 5: Housing Responsibilities of Governing Bodies in BC and Canada Governing Body Responsibilities First Nations
• Each First Nation is unique and provision of housing to community members varies, but responsibilities include: o Developing community housing strategies and plans o Obtain funding from the Canada Housing Mortgage Corporation o Responsible for managing and maintaining housing and infrastructure portfolios • Partners with provincial governments • Invests in affordable and social housing and provides funding for affordable housing projects • Provides financial assistance through tax credits and exemptions (e.g. the First Time Home Buyer’s Tax Credit, Home Buyers’ Plan and capital gains tax exemption) • Provides mortgage loan insurance • Researches the housing market and related topics through the Canada Housing Mortgage Corporation (CMHC) • Holds land titles for reserve lands and has jurisdiction over land and title systems under the Indian Act • CMHC and Indigenous Services Canada (ISC) administer on-reserve housing programs • Employment and Social Development Canada (ESDC) administers Reaching Home funding off-reserve, and has an Indigenous homelessness stream for urban centres • Implements the National Housing Strategy , a 10-year commitment to reinvest in affordable and social housing o CMHC administers the National Housing Strategy funding off-reserve, mainly through bilateral agreements with provinces and territories, as well as direct agreements with non-profits, local governments, and developers o The National Housing Strategy Act (June 2019) requires that the Government of Canada “develop and maintain a national housing strategy to further the housing policy, taking into account key principles of a human rights-based approach to housing.” o The National Housing Strategy’s First Nations programs are being developed and will be administered through ISC • Through the BC Treaty Commission and the Ministry of Indigenous Relations and Reconciliation, the Government of BC is involved in treaty negotiations with First Nations and the federal government • The Government of BC mandates for all ministries (including the Ministry of Municipal Affairs and Housing) and crown corporations (including BC Housing) to incorporate the Declaration on the Rights of Indigenous Peoples Act and Calls to Action of the Truth and Reconciliation Commission • Regulates real estate development and marketing, home warranty insurance, landlord-tenant relations, land use planning and development finance • Provides the legislative framework for strata housing and strata developments
Government of Canada
Government of British Columbia
BC Ministry of Municipal Affairs and Housing
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