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(36) Jessa Rose Dury-Agri, Omer Kassim & Patrick Martin, ‘‘Iraqi Security Forces and Popular Mobilization Forces: Orders of Battle,’’ Institute for the Study of War (2017), 45 https://bit.ly/3nhP3Kx (37) Renad Mansour & Faleh A. Jabar, ‘‘The Popular Mobilization Forces and Iraq’s Future,’’ Carnegie Middle East Center (2017), 12, https://bit. ly/3u2mVNt. (38) Mustafa Habib, ‘‘The Iraqi City of Al Qaem May be the New Extremist Capital’’, Niqash, 2016, ‘‘accessed April 22, 2021’’. https://bit.ly/3awNiUC (39) Kheder Khaddour and Harith Hasan, ‘‘The Transformation of the Iraqi- Syrian Border: From a National to a Regional Frontier,’’ Carnegie Middle East Center, March 2020, ‘‘accessed December 21, 2020’’, 15. https://bit.ly/2QtKroA (40) Kheder Khaddour and Harith Hasan, Ibid, 7-11.
(41) Ibid, 21. (42) Ibid, 13.
(43) Michael Martinez, ‘‘New Offensive Launched against Iraqi Insurgents,’’ The Seattle Times, 2005, ‘‘accessed April, 20, 2021’’. https://bit.ly/3tBpoPb (44) Lance Tores, ‘‘Oil Refinery Fuels Al Anbar Forward,’’ US Marine Corps, 2008, ‘‘accessed April 20, 2021’’. https://bit.ly/3gniZU7 (45) William Knarr et al, Al Sahawa—The Awakening Volume III-B: Al Anbar Province, Area of Operations Denver, Hadithah–Hit Corridor, (Alexandria, VA:Institute for Defense Analyses, 2016), 2-12, doi:10.2307/resrep22895.5. (46) Aljazeera, ‘‘Nahiyet al-Baghdadi (Al-Baghdadi sub-district),’’ 2005,
‘‘accessed April, 21, 2021’’. https://bit.ly/3v1MZJ2. (47) Kheder Khaddour and Harith Hasan, Ibid, 9-10.
(48) Waleed al-Rawi and Sterling Jensen, ‘‘Understanding the Wilaya AlForat: Heart of Daesh’s Homeland,’’ Small Wars Journal, 2016, ‘‘accessed April, 21, 2021’’. https://bit.ly/3dGfNkR.
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