Q(B&4$*D!1647#)(#0%214!1%)7066!Z$(#!(#0!/fQ?!"#0%21$6(6Ä!(07#*$UB06! $*!1647#)2*2<46$6!2*&!6#)%(E(0%9!2*&!<)*DE(0%9!1647#)2*2<4($7! 1647#)(#0%214?!2%0!(#04!&$::0%0*(n! Q0430%(_!8>_!O0690(_!@>_!'%#2%&(_!;>_!Hl%C_!Q>_!@0%(0*6_!K>_!=3<)*_!Q>_!!A0Y4_!5>_!IJ7#0<0_!H>![+,-,^>!"#0%21$6(6! (07#*$UB06!$*!1647#)2*2<46$6!2*&!6#)%(E(0%9!2*&!<)*DE(0%9!1647#)2*2<4($7!(#0%214?!=%0!(#04!&$::0%0*(n! N">#+@B& "!&,-%&/$%#)?@+&'(A?-"@+@BA,)?&/(("?)@,)"+O&Jd [P^ & [P^_!.\+Eg,+>!! >-001(3! Therapeutic techniques represent a significant part of the therapist’s contribution to the therapeutic process. This study compares the therapeutic techniques used in recorded sessions of 13 psychoanalyses, 15 long-term (LTDP) and 30 short-term (STDP) psychodynamic psychotherapies. Two hundred two therapeutic sessions were analyzed with the Psychotherapy Process Q-Set (PQS; Jones, 2000). In regards to the techniques defined and presented in the research literature, we identified 25 suitable PQS items among the total 100 items from the PQS. These therapeutic techniques are compared among the PA, LTDP and STDP samples and at different points in time of the therapeutic process. The correlation of each sample with the PQS analytic prototype (Ablon & Jones 1998) identifies therapeutic techniques characteristic for psychoanalytic oriented therapies. The study addresses three questions: (1) whether there are differences between PA, LTPD, and STPD at the level of therapeutic technique, (2) whether PA and LTPD show more resemblance to the PQS psychoanalytic prototype than STPD, and (3) whether interpretation (among other techniques) differs between STPD and LTPD. Overall more similarities than differences could be found within these samples. The most significant differences regarding therapeutic techniques, identified through t tests, were found on seven techniques. For example, psychoanalysts were observed to be more empathic toward their patients than were STDP therapists. No significant differences could be found between PA and LTDP therapists. All three samples achieved a correlation of .50 or higher with the PQS psychoanalytic prototype. When correlating only the technique items of the samples and the PQS prototype, the technique items of the STDP sample achieve the highest correlation of .76 followed by the correlation of .70 for the LTDP sample and .58 for the PA sample. @)15-1.*$#! Despite limitations regarding sample size and heterogeneity the results indicate little dimensional differentiation in the techniques used in PA, LTDP, and STPD. In accounting for these differences, the length of treatment was more important than the lying down vs. face-to-face distinction. G$#.1/.!
Dr. Carolina Seybert, International Psychoanalytic University Berlin. E-mail: carolina.seybert@ipu- berlin.de
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