Scuba Diving Industry™ Magazine published by Cline Group, LLC. Printed and mailed to all dive retailers in the USA and digitally delivered to over 17,500 dive professionals in 165 countries. Published monthly, so "Start a Conversation" with your Business Customers!
MAY 2025 PUBLISHED BY CLINE GROUP ECO PRO THE GREAT DISCONNECT IN ECO EDUCATION SCUBA DIVING INDUSTRY SAFETY VISION CORRECTION & DIVING
RETAILING INTERNSHIPS, CREATING A RETAILER REPORT CARD BUSINESS EDU KEEPING YOUR BUSINESS FOCUS, SHOW & TELL TIME
Photo by Neal Watson, Jr. Shot at Bimini Scuba Center’s Great Hammerhead Shark Dive Site, Bimini, Bahamas
digital version
TRENDS IN DIVE RETAILING, TRAVEL & TRAINING
5/14/25 2:22 PM
SCUBA DIVING INDUSTRY™ MAGAZINE • MAY 2025
PAGE 27 TRAVEL
CONTENTS PAGE 5 FROM THE PUBLISHER Just Keep Swimming: Business Lessons from Hammerhead Sharks PAGE 7 SAFETY Dan Orr: See Clearly. Dive Safely. Vision Correction & Diving
ADVERTISER’S INDEX 2 & 3 Aggressor Adventures 6 Diver’s Alert Network (DAN) 10 Aggressor Adventures 11 Take Our Subscriber Survey & Win 12 Green Fins Marine Tourism 13 Alex Brylske’s Book by Reef Smart 14 Make A Di ff erence Challenge 15 Neal Watson’s Bimini Scuba 16 Stream2Sea Reef Safe Products 16 Sea Experience, Ft. Lauderdale, FL 17 Big Animals Global Expeditions 20 DRYFOB Key Containers 21 ScubaWeather.com 21 Barefoot Cay Resort, Roatan 23 Blue Force Fleet Liveaboards 24 Clear Story Coach 25 Scuba Do Rag Diver’s Apparel 26 Wayne B. Brown Book 29 All Star Liveaboards 31 Sau Bay Resort & Spa, Fiji 32 SeaCure Custom Mouthpieces 33 X-Ray Magazine 34 Lita’s All Natural Insect Repellant 35 ScubaRadio 36 DIVO By Scubatech 38 Books by Dan Orr/Best Publishing 39 Explorer Ventures Liveaboards
PAGE 17 PHOTO PRO Amos Nachoum: The Hunter and The Hunted
PAGE 30 BUSINESS EDU William Cline: 2025 Dive Travel Trends – What Dive Retailers Need to Know to Stay Ahead Peter Symes: Dive Into Medieval History–Turkey PAGE 34 BUSINESS EDU Carlos Lander: Viewing Coral Reefs as an Economic Asset PAGE 37 RETAILING Jeff Cinciripino: Winning with a Bal- anced Scorecard - Part I PAGE 33 TRAVEL Gil Zeimer: Part IV: How to “Blue” Your Business in 2025 & Make More Green – PADI Eco Centers
PAGE 18 TRAVEL
PAGE 20 BUSINESS EDU William Cline: 1st Quarter Global Dive Survey Results Revealed Amber Wagenknecht: From the Deck to the Deep: An Unforgettable Dive Adventure in Bimini PAGE 22 BUSINESS EDU Cathryn Castle Garcia: The Honest Truth: A Different Kind of Show- and-Tell for Business Success
PAGE 11 TRAVEL
David Prichard & Lily Mak: Why All These Forms? The Operational Logistics of a Dive Resort
PAGE 12 ECO PRO Alex Brylske, Ph.D.:
The Great Disconnect: A Plea for Better Environ- mental Education PAGE 14
PAGE 25 RETAILING
BUSINESS EDU Wayne B. Brown: My Use of ‘Focus’ to Navigate Aggressor Adventures
Tom Leaird & Brooke Mentorship...the Ship that Will Keep the Industry from Sinking
BACK COVER DEMA 41 Level Up Podcast 42 Article Index
PAGE FOUR | SCUBA DIVING INDUSTRY
FROM THE PUBLISHER
JUST KEEP SWIMMING: BUSINESS LESSONS FROM HAMMERHEAD SHARKS
A couple of weeks ago, I had the chance to dive with great hammerheads in Bimini - and wow! These sharks are massive. Watching them glide past, calm and confident, was unfor- gettable. One of the most powerful moments was seeing a shark feeder hand-feed a full-grown hammerhead right in front of us. The shot was so striking, we’re featur- ing it on this month’s cover of Scuba Diving Industry Magazine . But what really stuck with me wasn’t just their size - it was how they move. Hammerheads have nearly 360-degree vision thanks to their wide-set eyes, but here’s the interesting part: they actually see better when they’re in motion. When they stay still, their vision narrows. It’s movement that gives them full awareness. That got me thinking - what if dive professionals took a cue from hammerheads? See the Whole Picture: Running a dive business isn’t all reef dives and certification cards. It’s gear repairs, group travel logistics, instructor scheduling, customer follow- ups, pool nights, and insurance paperwork. You wear every hat - and you have to see it all . Like the hammerhead scanning the reef, dive pros need wide awareness. That means spotting staff burnout before it affects guests, noticing shifting travel trends, or identifying the anxious diver who didn’t speak up during the briefing. Keep Moving to Stay Sharp: The hammerhead’s superpower isn’t just wide vision - it’s that it stays in motion. As dive professionals, we see more clearly when we stay active. That doesn’t mean being frantic - it means always moving forward. Try a new specialty. Update your website. Reach out to past guests. Test a group trip. The pros who stay sharp are the ones who keep swimming. When I’m working on the magazine or planning a podcast or ad campaign, I apply that same mindset. Keep learning. Keep trying new things. Don’t wait for change - move toward it. Want to Connect in Person? We’ll be at the Scuba Show in Long Beach, May 31–June 1 at booth #155 - stop by and say hello! And yes, DEMA planning is al- ready underway (can you believe it’s less than six months away?). Like a hammer- head, I’m working on my 360-degree vision now - scanning what’s ahead, connecting with industry pros, and building momentum for what’s next. Whether you’re underwater leading a dive or back at the shop managing chaos, take a lesson from nature: scan wide, stay in motion, and grow your vision. Your business - and your divers - will thank you for it.
William Cline, Publisher Patty Cline, Associate Publisher Amber Wagenknecht, Executive Editor Betty Orr, Copy Editor Neal Watson, Sr., Editor-at-Large Britain Cline, Advertising Sales Manager Gavin Young, SE Asia Ad Sales Carlos Lander, Latin America Ad Sales Walker Cline, Digital, Social & SEO Contributors: Wayne B. Brown, Augusta, GA Alex Brylske, Ph.D., Avon Park, FL William Cline, Plano, TX Jeff Cinciripino, Rocky Hill, CT Cathryn Castle Garcia, Azores, Portugal Carlos Lander, Caracas, Venezuela Tom Leaird/Brooke Speedy, Muncie, IN David Prichard & Lily Mak, Dallas, TX Amos Nachoum, Pacific Grove, CA SCUBA DIVING INDUSTRY™ MAGAZINE MAY 2025 VOL. 2, NO. 5
Dan Orr, Driggs, ID Peter Symes, Denmark
Neal Watson, Jr, Bimini, Bahamas Amber Wagenknecht, Plano, TX Gil Zeimer, San Rafael, CA
Scuba Diving Industry ™ Magazine: (Print: ISSN 2996- 1416, Digital: ISSN 2996-1424) Published monthly by Cline Group LLC, 1740 Airpark Lane, Plano, TX 75093. Printed copies are mailed within the USA to select dive retailers & advertisers. Subscriptions are free to dive pro- fessionals & distributed digitally to 165 countries. POST- MASTER send address changes to Scuba Diving Industry Magazine, 1740 Airpark Ln., Plano, TX 75093. Any part of this publication may be reproduced, as long as the source is quoted “Scuba Diving Industry Magazine.” For ed- itorial requests, email william@williamcline.com or 972-267- 6700. The views and opinions expressed in this magazine are those of the contributors and do not necessarily reflect the offi- cial policy or position of Cline Group LLC or any of its af- filiates. © 2025, all rights reserved by Cline Group LLC.
email William email Britain email Gavin email Carlos
William Cline, Publisher
PAGE FIVE | SCUBA DIVING INDUSTRY
LIABILITY INSURANCE FOR DIVE PROS
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SAFETY See Clearly. Dive Safely. Vision Correction & Diving – by Dan Orr, President, Dan Orr Consulting
Age, I’m afraid, is a fact of life. Even though we see countless commercials and advertisements on television touting various “anti-aging” treatments, that, I’m afraid, is a physical impossibility. We cannot turn back the proverbial hands
that we rely so heavily on in maintaining safety in diving. As we age, our eyes undergo several natural changes that may affect our vision. The lens of the eye changes, becoming less flexible, making it difficult to focus on close objects. The lens may yellow, changing the way colors are perceived, and the number of nerve cells in the eyes decrease, impairing depth perception. These and other changes typically start in the mid-40s and may lead to the need for reading glasses or bifocals. This con-
of time. As we age, we become more prone to various eye conditions due to natural aging and associated health issues. Environmental factors may also contribute to the develop-
ment of eye issues, includ- ing long-term exposure to UV radiation (sunlight), air pollution, and certain chem- icals. Common eye prob- lems in older adults may include cataracts, glaucoma,
dition is known as presby- opia. At the same time, proteins in the lens of the eye clump together, forming cloudy areas that can cause blurred vision, glare, and
sensitivity to light. These are cataracts. The central part of the retina (called the macula), responsible for sharp central vision, may deteriorate over time and can lead to blurred or distorted vision in the center of the visual field. This condi- tion is known as macular degeneration. There may also be an increase in the pressure within the eye that can damage the optic nerve, leading to gradual loss of peripheral vision. This condition is known as glaucoma. Our pupils may become smaller as we age, making it more difficult to see in dim light. We may also notice what are known as ‘floaters’- small spots or specks that float in the field of vision. They are caused by protein clumping in the vitreous gel, a jelly-like substance in the eye. Many people will, as they age, experience dry eyes as tear production decreases with age, leading to dryness, irrita- tion, and blurred vision. As I continue to dive, take photographs, and help lead div- ing and non-diving expeditions for Blue Green Expeditions (www.bluegreenexpeditions.com), issues with my eyes have become critically important for me. During my last regular eye examination, my optometrist told me that I had cataracts in both eyes. I was referred to the Idaho Eye and Laser Center in Idaho Falls, Idaho, for further evaluation. I met with the ophthalmologist and corneal specialist, who thoroughly eval- uated both of my eyes and suggested cataract surgery. The surgery involved the surgical removal of the affected (clouded) lens and a clear, artificial intraocular lens (IOL) im- planted. The medical staff at the clinic discussed with me the various IOLs. These lens options each have their various pros and cons, each designed to adjust focus like the natural eye, potentially reducing the need for prescription glasses follow- ing surgery. PAGE SEVEN | SCUBA DIVING INDUSTRY
macular degeneration (AMD), and diabetic retinopathy. Captain Frank K. Butler, Jr., in his seminal article Diving and Hyperbaric Ophthalmology, stated, “Some eye disorders and post- operative states may be adversely affected by the underwater environment or other hyperbaric exposures. The prevalence of recreational, military, and commercial diving, as well as the medical use of hyperbaric oxygen therapy, requires that oph- thalmologists be familiar with the effects of the hyperbaric environment on the normal and diseased eye.” I think many of us can remember when we reached that magic age where our arms were no longer long enough for us to read clearly. I remember that time all too well. I was working at the Florida State University (FSU) Academic Div- ing Program as Associate Diving Safety Officer and Instruc- tional Coordinator in the late 1980’s. We were doing a dive in a northern Florida cave system collecting data for the science departments at FSU. When we paused our return to the sur- face for our safety stop, I looked at my dive computer (the EDGE at the time) and had some difficulty making out the numbers. No matter how I stretched my arms, I still could not read the number on the computer screen. So, I removed the computer from my arm and laid it on the cave wall in front of me and moved back to the point where I could read the numbers on the screen. After a few minutes, I noticed that everyone in the dive team had done the same thing, thinking it was some sort of safety technique I was using! Having good vision is critically important for us to truly enjoy a scuba dive. Good vision is also critically important to diving safety, helping us identify potential dangers and under- stand the data presented to us by the advanced technology
SAFETY continued The fact that I may no longer need to use prescription glasses OR need to have prescription lenses in my masks was really appealing, but brought with it the need to purchase a new primary and backup mask. My cataract surgery was scheduled for a Monday morning for my left eye, and the surgery for the right eye was scheduled for the following Monday. For the three days prior to the first surgery, I had to self-administer (with my wife Betty’s help) combination eye drops three times per day. These eye drops included antibiotics and anti-inflammatories, helping to pre- pare the eye for surgery by minimizing the risk of infection and reducing inflammation.
he was very satisfied with the results and that over the next few days, my vision in that eye would continue to improve. As the week progressed following my left eye surgery, my vision in that eye significantly improved - so much so that I could no longer comfortably wear my old glasses. I also con- tinued to use the prescribed eye drops, but now for both eyes in preparation for the right eye surgery the next week. The right eye surgical process was exactly the same as with the left eye, with the scheduled follow-up the following day. During the follow-up, the surgeon evaluated his work and During a scheduled-follow up evaluation with my optometrist, he evaluated my overall vision and said my vision had improved from a pre-op- eration uncorrected 20/80+ to a post-operation 20/20+. The “+” has to do with my left eye that, due to scar tissue in that eye from many years ago, the vision is not quite as good as the right eye but has certainly improved from pre-opera- tion vision. My surgical experience was an absolute success and was, therefore, the genesis of this article. After any kind of eye surgery, it's crucial to talk with your surgeon about your desire to continue to scuba dive following any kind of eye surgery or treatment. In my case, the surgeon suggested that I wait a minimum of one month before con- sidering a return to the water to allow for proper healing and minimize the risk of complications. pronounced that the surgery went well. During all of this, one thing was constantly on my mind, and that was how this surgery, and any eye sur- gery, would affect my ability to continue to enjoy scuba diving. Since there are no controlled studies specifically addressing the suggested length of convalescence before a return to div- ing from any type of eye surgery, recommendations on a re- turn to diving are generally based on clinical experience and recommendations from diving medical organizations such as Divers Alert Network (DAN) and the Undersea and Hyper- baric Medical Society (UHMS). Here's a more detailed explanation with some general recommendations: A general recommendation is to consult with your ophthalmologist and wait a specified and recom- mended period of time after surgery before returning to div- ing. If your ophthalmologist is unfamiliar with diving, it would be advised that they contact the Medical Department at DAN or the UHMS for consultation. The most common types of eye surgery and recommenda-
On the day of surgery, we arrived at the clinic and were ushered into the surgical waiting room. After the requisite paperwork and insurance forms, I was taken into the surgical suite where I met the surgical nurses who took my vital signs and set up an IV to administer the anesthetic. I met the anesthesiologist who explained that I would be made comfortable during the surgical procedure, but I would still be conscious in order to follow instructions from the surgeon. I then met the surgeon. Not only was the surgeon a board-certified ophthalmologist and corneal
Pre-Surgery Vision Test
specialist but, as luck would have it, a scuba diver! He ex- plained the procedure he was going to perform, and then we talked about diving!! As that conversation went on, I began to feel the effects of the anesthesia and, before I knew it, I was listening to instructions as my clouded lens was being re- moved and the new lens put in its place. The entire procedure lasted only about 15 minutes, and I soon found myself back in the recovery area with a patch over my left eye and listening to instructions from the nursing staff. I was led out to the surgical waiting room, given a pair of very dark glasses to wear because my eye was still very sen- sitive to light. Betty met me and took me to the car. Since I’d had nothing to eat for the previous 24 hours, our first stop was at McDonald’s! During the 90-minute drive home, I napped while Betty drove. That evening, as suggested by the surgeon, Betty removed the patch covering my left eye and taped a plastic shield over the eye to keep me from accidentally touching or rubbing that eye during the night. The next morning, we had a follow-up appointment with the doctor. Since my pupil in the left eye was still dilated, I had to continue wearing the dark glasses. Even though it was less than 24 hours since the surgery, I could already tell that my vision had improved. The doctor fully evaluated my left eye and pronounced that
PAGE EIGHT | SCUBA DIVING INDUSTRY
SAFETY continued tions for returning to diving are:
solved before any diving, hyperbaric exposures, or ascent to altitude. Gas may be placed in the eye after some types of both retinal and corneal surgical procedures. Some individuals who have had an eye removed might have a hollow orbital implant placed after surgery. Hollow orbital implants may collapse when exposed to increases in pressure, and eye patients with this type of implant should avoid diving. Other types of orbital implants do not have a hollow space and do not cause problems when diving. Understanding and addressing any eye-related problems is essential to protecting our eye health and enhancing our fu- ture diving experiences. By implementing any and all preven- tive measures, we can effectively mitigate risks and promote the overall well-being of our eyes while continuing to enjoy the wonders of the underwater world for years to come. When considering eye health for scuba diving, several fac- tors are important. Divers should ensure their masks fit prop- erly to prevent water from entering and contaminating eyes, and they should be aware of potential pressure changes that As scuba divers, our eyes are portals to a world underwater so wondrous that it’s hard for non- divers to imagine. Vision is vital for both our phys- ical and emotional well-being. It enables us to navigate the world safely, connect with our sur- roundings, and find meaning in life. It is paramount to our safety and our quality of life to preserve our vision and protect our eyes. References: Ballestra, C., et al. Effect of SCUBA Diving on Oph- thalmic Parameters. Medicina (Kaunas). 2022 Mar 9;58(3):408. But- ler, F. SURVEY OF OPHTHALMOLOGY Volume 39. Number 5 9 March-April 1995. Butler, F. Ocular Considerations in Diving. March 2022. (Copy available on request). Butler, F. High- Pressure Ophthalmology. Divers Alert Network. Common Age-related Problems. Cleveland Clinic. DAN Staff. Cataract surgery and diving. Alert Diver AU. February 2017. Harvey, P. Common eye diseases of elderly people: identifying and treating causes of vision loss. Gerontology. 2003 Jan-Feb;49(1):1-11. Undersea and Hyperbaric Medical Society: can affect the eyes and sinuses. Additionally, as mentioned above, individuals with certain eye con- ditions or recent eye surgeries should consult with their healthcare professional or contact DAN for advice before diving.
Cataract surgery: a procedure to remove a clouded ▪ lens and replace it with an artificial one, is generally safe and effective, with most people noticing vision improve- ment within a few days and full recovery taking about four weeks. The UHMS recommends not returning to diving for a minimum of one month after small-incision cataract surgery (the most common type of cataract sur- gery). This allows for any surgical incisions to fully heal and for any postoperative complications to resolve ( Oc- ular Considerations in Diving, Dr. Frank Butler). LASIK: a common surgical procedure that reshapes the ▪ cornea to correct vision problems like nearsightedness (myopia), farsightedness (hyperopia), and astigmatism, aiming for improved vision and reduced dependence on glasses or contact lenses. While LASIK is generally considered safe for diving, it's still important to wait for the eyes to heal completely, which typically takes a few weeks. DAN and the UHMS recommend consultation with your ophthalmologist and waiting a minimum of two weeks before returning to scuba diving following LASIK surgery.
Retinal surgery: a surgical procedure per- ▪ formed on the retina, the light-sensitive layer at the back of the eye. Avoid flying, going to high altitudes, and scuba diving after retinal surgery as advised by your doctor. DAN rec- ommends consultation with your ophthal- mologist and waiting a minimum of two months before returning to scuba diving fol- lowing retinal surgery.
Post-Right Eye Surgery
Glaucoma filtering surgery: a procedure to treat glau- ▪ coma, involves creating a new pathway for fluid to drain from the eye, reducing intraocular pressure, and typically takes 1 to 2 hours in a hospital setting. Scuba diving may be risky if you have had glaucoma filtering surgery, as changes in pressure inside your diving mask as you de- scend can cause bleeding and severe damage in an eye with a glaucoma filter. The UHMS recommends con- sultation with your ophthalmologist and waiting a min- imum of two months before returning to scuba diving following glaucoma surgery. Diving in the presence of a functioning glaucoma filter entails a slightly elevated risk of complications that might impair the functioning of the filter. A point of special emphasis about diving after eye surgery is that any gas bubbles (air or other gases that might be placed in the eye for therapeutic purposes) must be completely re-
Diving Medical Guidance for the Physician. Thanks to Dr. Frank Butler for his assistance with reviewing and updating the recommended convalescent periods following eye surgery.
email Dan Orr
PAGE NINE | SCUBA DIVING INDUSTRY
TRAVEL Why All These Forms? The Operational Logistics of a Dive Resort – by David Prichard and Lily Mak, Enchanted Sea Images, Inc., Dallas, TX
You have set up a dream dive va- cation to a tropical resort with warm, clear water and exotic marine life to enjoy. But a few months ahead of your departure, the resort is sending you and your group a lot of forms to fill out and requests for copies of your main passport page and certifi-
assigned accordingly. Part of the common questions asked by resorts are about dietary restrictions or special occasions. The restaurant staff has to order food items in advance to match the dietary re- strictions of the guests, and that usually means planning a meal menu that covers the needs of the guests on any given day. Have a birthday, anniversary, or other special occasion to celebrate? Resorts normally would love to bake that cake, set up decorations and entertainment, but they need to know in advance to pull it off correctly. We were part of a dive group that visited Anse Chastanet Resort in St. Lucia and requested weeks in advance a birthday cake for one of the guests on the Fourth of July, but she was a vegan. The chef at the resort brought out two cakes, one being a white cake for the main group decorated for the 4th celebration, and also a vegan chocolate cake that turned out
cation card(s). Some divers may remember the old Three Dog Night hit “Mama told me (not to come),” and the third line of the lyrics says: “What's all these crazy questions they're askin' me?” That is probably what many divers are thinking when getting these requests from the resort, and while your inclination might be to put down “none of your business,” this information is ac- tually a key process to ensure you have an enjoyable time dur- ing your stay.
to be the favorite for everyone. A last-minute request for this would probably not have been possible. “Why do you need a copy of my passport page?” Besides collecting required in-
Major resorts often host multi- ple dive groups at the same time, with groups arriving on different days, so management has to figure out the logistics of having the right amount of staff (resort,
formation to meet local laws, guest security, and administrative purposes, resorts often use the passport photos for staff train- ing purposes. “We have all our staff study the photos so they can identify and greet you by your name,” said Kris Mears of Scandi Divers in Puerto Galera, Philippines. This training also aids in security if an unfamiliar face is sighted on the resort property. Questions concerning divers’ certification level and experi- ence are also needed to match up groups with dive staff and appropriate dive sites. A relatively inexperienced group of divers would require dive staff that is more focused on divers’ safety (and perhaps calmer dive sites), while more experienced divers could handle more challenging sites and only really need a good dive guide to point out interesting marine life.
dive, and restaurant), dive boats, rooms, transportation, and the right food available to match the stay of each group. “Generally, we try to have each group’s stay planned out a month in advance,” said Joseph Asguerra of Atlantis Resorts in Dumaguete, Philippines. Such intense planning can’t be left up to the last minute to ensure there is no shortage (or excess) of people, accommodations, gear, or food to keep everyone happy. Junnar Kitane, the manager for all the dive staff at the Du- maguete Atlantis resort, said he has to plan in advance the right amount of divemasters and boats (including captains) to match each group size, plus ensure that the requested dive gear rentals are available and in working order, as well as gear storage lockers for all the guests. When the resort is full, he often has to arrange for trusted non-resort boats and crew to be brought in to accommodate the number of guests. Many dive guests request private dive guides, so his staff must be
While resort questionnaires may seem burden- some to incoming divers, they prevent logistical nightmares that can ruin a dive trip.
email David
ECO PRO The Great Disconnect: A Plea for Better Environmental Education – by Alex Brylske, Ph.D., President, Ocean Education International, LLC
Since its inception, instructor certifi- cation has been the entry ticket for most professionals into the diving in- dustry. While this training provides a foundation for teaching and supervis- ing divers, I believe it is entirely lacking
bucket list, while others see it as a dedicated lifelong passion. Some have described this as the “occasional” diver versus the “core” diver phenomenon, and this dichotomy is important because while the former may be customers, the latter are the industry’s lifeblood. There is no better evidence of the Great Disconnect than the results of a 2022 survey sponsored by In-Depth magazine, DAN Europe, and the Business of Diving Institute of divers from both the US and Europe. It reported that only 23% of respondents said they had been “well or very well prepared to understand the environment in which they were to dive.” In other words, 77% did not feel prepared. However, the rea- son for this shockingly low percentage becomes clear when viewed in the context of another question from the survey involving professionals. Here, the study found that a mere 11 percent of instructors said their training “prepared them well or very well regarding aquatic environments.” The conclusion seems clear: Divers are not getting what they want from their underwater experience because most of those who train them lack the knowledge and skill to provide it. The consequences of the Great Disconnect are evident in yet another survey also conducted in 2022 by the Reef-World Foundation, Sustainability in a Recovering Travel World. The re- sults from over 2,400 global responses (both divers and dive professionals) across various demographics identified key nar- ratives that will drive the market in the future. These insights could help businesses capitalize on trends for the future sus-
in one vital area of content – the environment. This oversight is problematic because most people pursue scuba diving pre- cisely because of the unique opportunity to explore and learn about the underwater environment. This disconnect between why people are motivated to become scuba divers and the void in the knowledge base of the professionals who train them is what I term the “Great Disconnect” – a mismatch with profound consequences on the health of our industry. This situation has significant consequences due to its po- tential long-term impact. For example, an instructor with min- imal understanding of the environment trains divers who likewise will know equally little or even less. Lacking any fun- damental knowledge of the incredible underwater world they witness, the diver’s experience is limited to “looking at all the pretty fish.” In contrast, an instructor with a solid grasp of the environment can provide insights that make one’s diving experience far more than a passive sightseeing tour. They can create a diver who both understands and connects with the world they explore. The distinction between the capabilities of these two types of instructors explains why some may view becoming a diver as merely an item to check off their
tainability of their opera- tions and the environment they rely on, but only if we heed the advice. Overall, the survey highlighted a strong demand for envi- ronmental and sustainabil- ity education that is clearly not being met by the indus- try’s current diver training model. Delving even deeper into the attitudes of profession- als, the study found that the most common challenge they face in their day-to-day work is the lack of environ-
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mental education. Specifically, dive professionals cited the need for: 1) better education and awareness for dive cus- tomers; 2) proper environmental training for dive staff; and 3) improved education within local communities. The study’s summary concluded, “Businesses are currently missing a huge opportunity to provide educational resources about sustainability and conservation to staff and guests. Eighty-three percent of dive tourists said they are looking for further sustainability education on their holiday, and this is matched by the 76% of dive professionals who said their cus- tomers are requesting further sustainability education from them.” But while it may be helpful to define a problem, that’s a use- less exercise unless the problem is solved. On the surface, a solution to the Great Disconnect is sim- ple, though implementing it is not necessarily easy: The cur- ricula by which dive professionals are trained must be radically updated and expanded. Emphasis on the environment must receive equal importance and attention during instructor training as do topics such as physics, physiology, and skill de- velopment. It cannot be a secondary priority, as it is currently. However, this will take time and may be resisted by those in the industry who see expanding instructor training as making it more expensive or less profitable. Regardless, I believe a better solution is not to wait for the “industry” to solve the problem, but to act now as individuals and commit to filling the knowledge gap ourselves. Fortu- nately, many professionals have already taken on this chal- lenge using existing resources and programs to upgrade the content and quality of their courses. Indeed, most training agencies provide materials and courses on a range of envi- ronmental topics. However, the idea that knowledge about the environment is somehow “continuing education” or a “specialty” course is spurious because entry-level training is where most divers stop. Thus, the Great Disconnect will con- tinue until ALL certified divers have a firm grounding and appreciation for the environment in which they operate. In the end, although we may not succeed in all cases, we must strive to turn all “occasional” divers into “core” divers by con- necting them more deeply with the environment that drove their interest in the first place. To help instructors improve their approach to environmen- tal education, conservation, and sustainability, particularly in entry-level courses, I’ll devote this column in the coming months to providing insights from my long experience as a ECO PRO continued
marine educator and program developer. Each article will pro- vide an overall “take-home message” about some topic of environmental interest relevant to divers, along with links to in-depth resources, such as books, videos, free online training, and other materials. I’d also like to solicit your ideas so we can pass them on to your colleagues in future articles. In conclusion, I don’t want to leave the impression that all entry-level scuba courses are lacking regarding environmental content. Quite the contrary, many instructors go to great lengths to provide an exceptional environmental education to their students, motivating them to become dedicated con- servation advocates. However, this is the exception rather than the rule. Dive professionals can have a profound impact on dive industry growth and the health of aquatic ecosystems, but only if we do a better job. Over the decades, diving edu- cators have done an exceptional job of communicating the
knowledge and skills required to create safe divers. The time has come for us to do the same in con- veying the majesty of the underwater world and the ethos to make it a better place.
Alex’s links
Dive into Dr. Alex Brylske’s Book: BENEATH THE BLUE PLANET
“An in-depth resource to indulge our passion for scuba diving.” – Wayne B. Brown, Owner & CEO, Aggressor Adventures
A fascinating look at our oceans, marine biology & more! Great for classrooms and every dive retailer’s library!
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BUSINESS EDU As the owner and CEO of Aggres- sor Adventures, I continually strive to build on our reputation as the leader in adventure travel industry. Since ac- quiring Aggressor in 2007, I ex- panded it to offer global experiences in many more destinations like the Maldives, Red Sea, and Sri Lanka. However, steering a busi- ness of this magnitude through turbulent waters – both lit- eral and metaphorical – has not been without its struggles. As a former Air Force medic and Taco Bell franchise owner, I often lean on a single word to guide me during challenging times: "Focus."
My Use of ‘Focus’ to Navigate Aggressor Adventures – by Wayne B. Brown, author “From Rags to Enrichment” & CEO, Aggressor Adventures
ating Procedures (SOP), supporting affected guests, and enhancing safety protocols across the company. My use of "Focus" also manifests in my hands-on man- agement style. As an avid diver and photographer, I per- sonally engage with guests during "CEO Adventures," gaining direct insights into their experiences. This focus on customer feedback has driven many innovations ensuring Aggressor remains a leader in luxury adventure travel. My focus also extends to sustainability and community impact. In 2012, I founded the Sea of Change Foundation, di- recting 100% of its funds to conservation and scholarships. Our recent 2025 Make A Difference challenge further exem- plifies this, encouraging guests to support a person or fam-
For me, "Focus" is more than a buzzword; it’s a strategic anchor. In my recently published book, From Rags to Enrichment: How I Define Success in Business and in Life (October 2024), I reflect on how this principle has been instrumental in over- coming obstacles. Aggressor Adventures, which began in 1984 as a modest liveaboard diving op- eration, has faced significant hurdles under my ownership, including economic downturns, a pandemic, and the complexities of global expan- sion. One notable challenge we all faced and can relate to was the compete shutdown of the world
ily in need, earning them entry into our exclusive Challenge Coin Club. This initiative reflects focus on long-term societal benefits while navigating business challenges. Focus does not need to be on just your companies immediate needs. Through economic uncertainties and global expansion, my reliance on "Focus" has been a cornerstone of Aggressor Adventures’ re- silience. By zeroing in on safety, customer expe- rience, and sustainability, I am not only able to move the business forward but also redefined
Wayne’s New Book
success in the adventure travel industry, prov- ing that a clear focus can turn struggles into opportunities for your own company’s growth and your own enrichment.
in 2020. In the aftermath, I immediately initiated a focused approach to our future reopening. Rather than going on a all out cost-cutting spree and waiting out the return of in- ternational travel, I focused our priorities on our worldwide operations with a thorough review of our Standard Oper-
email Wayne
Share a Story Make a meaningful impact in someone’s STEP 1 Submit your story and you may win an Aggressor Liveaboard ® vacation! Celebrate Service to Others and WIN! STEP 2 Earn a Challenge Coin Qualifying stories of service Win an Aggressor Adventure for two! STEP 3
life or in your community. Share your story and photo before Dec. 31, 2025.
to others will receive an of昀cial award plaque with your very own beautiful Challenge Coin included!
You may win the liveaboard trip of a lifetime when you help others and share your “Make a Difference” story.
800 348-2628 www.aggressor.com 209 Hudson Trace, Augusta, Georgia 30907 USA
April 2025 Difference Challenge 8.59x2.74 .indd 1 PAGE FOURTEEN | SCUBA DIVING INDUSTRY
4/21/25 11:03 AM
SAFARIS I SCUBA DIVING I SNORKELING Dolphins Sharks Stingrays Wrecks Walls
Catch your breath in Bimini.
BIMINI SCUBA CENTER Bimini, The Bahamas Call +1 (242) 473 8816 Visit biminiscubacenter.com
PAGE FIFTEEN | SCUBA DIVING INDUSTRY
Looking for a Warm Weather IDC for Your Students? Did you know that
Course Directors with over 100 years of collective “experience” teaching instructors Former PADI Examiner on staff 99.9% success rate Successful job placement rate Licensed by the Florida Commission for Independent Education Approved for VA Educational Benefits 5 Top 10 2025 Scuba Diving Magazine Readers Choice Awards their instructor training? “Experience” is even in our name and here is why: “ experience ” is the #1 reason divers decide where to take
So, if you are looking for the best instructor program “experience” email scuba@divefortlauderdale.com
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801 Seabreeze Blvd, Fort Lauderdale, FL 33316
PHOTO PRO
Behind The Lens: The Hunter and The Hunted – Photos and text by Amos Nachoum, Big Animals Global Expeditions
In the shallow waters of the Ple- neau lagoon on the Antarctic Penin- sula, the scene is picturesque during low tide. Young penguins frolic, un- aware of the dangers lurking nearby. Here, the stealthy leopard seal finds a prime hunting ground. The seals
I followed closely, camera in hand, as the seal headed to- wards the deeper waters of the open sea. It dived about 15 feet, gripping the penguin gently by the tail – its intent was to drown its prey, not to wound it. Despite the grim circum- stances, the penguin exhibited incredible resilience. It thrashed fiercely, fighting for its life, and miraculously, it managed to break free, propelling itself back towards the safety of the shore. The leopard seal, however, was relentless. It quickly recap- tured the penguin in a subsequent chase. This time, the pen-
enter the lagoon before low tide, hiding in the shadows and, putting their heads down in the water, they hold their breath. Their heads fully covered by the water, they blend in seam-
lessly with the many rocks around them. In this position, they lie in wait to ambush the young pen- guins who are oblivious to the mortal danger that awaits them. Learning from the leopard seals, I entered the water as they did, stationing myself on the edge of the lagoon two hours before low tide. Seated on a rock, I surveyed the action from above. Equipped
guin’s efforts to escape were in vain, and the leopard seal was victorious in capturing a meal for itself. Witnessing this life-and-death struggle was a profound reminder of the brutal survival challenges faced daily in the wild. Through my lens, I captured the poignant mo- ments of this encounter, hoping to convey both the harsh reality of na- ture and the incredible survival in-
with a snorkel for stealth and a drysuit to stay warm, I waited for the action to commence. Once the penguins arrived, the drama unfolded rapidly. One of the penguins approached a hiding seal near where I was stationed, and by the time it no- ticed the danger, it was too late. A leopard seal, the epitome of predatory grace, surged forward and seized the hapless penguin, dragging it swiftly toward the open sea. A stunning display of nature’s raw ferocity and elegance.
stincts of its creatures. Captured March 11, 2009: Canon EOS0 1DS Mark III, Seacam underwater housing,15mm lens, 1/200 sec, f - 5,6, ISO - 800
Special Thanks to the Journal of Wildlife Photog- raphy for recognizing my work in May, 2024. Congratulations to the other winners, all the win- ners can be viewed at the Journal of Wildlife Pho- tography, May, 2024.
contact Amos
PAGE SEVENTEEN | SCUBA DIVING INDUSTRY
TRAVEL From the Deck to the Deep: An Unforgettable Dive Adventure in Bimini – by Amber Wagenknecht, Executive Editor and Reporter on the Boat, Bimini, Bahamas
We recently wrapped up our First Annual Scuba Diving Industry Magazine Cruise aboard Virgin Voyages - and what a ride it was! From Michelin- quality meals to Broadway-level enter- tainment, life on board was a total blast. But the real highlight? Diving
ered, setting the stage. Then came the stars of the show - the un- mistakable silhouettes of two great hammer- head sharks emerging from the blue. While one feeder managed the bait, the other two acted as safety divers, keeping a protective perimeter
Shark Feeder K’Lyn
with hammerheads in Bimini, of course. I was lucky enough to travel with quite the dream team: Publisher William Cline (check out his From the Publisher on page 5), Associate Publisher Patty Cline, Level Up pod- cast host Greg "The Divemaster" Holt of Scuba Radio fame, and diving legend Walt DiMartini. Add in the unfor- gettable hospitality of Neal Watson's Bimini Scuba Center (ad on page 15), and it was a dive trip for the record books. After a quick stop in Key West, we headed to Bimini, where Neal Watson Jr. assured us he had kindly asked the
around our group. Though the environment was wild and the animals powerful, we all felt incredibly well cared for. There was a calm professionalism that made it easy to focus on the awe of the moment rather than any fear. For 30 magical minutes, we watched the hammerheads
hammerheads to stick around a bit longer since the season was nearly over - and once again, his connections paid off. We want to extend a huge thank you to Neal Watson Jr. and his incredible crew: Georgiana, Jay, Captain Robin , photographer Janelle, and shark feeders Nathan, Bella, and K'Lyn. Their profes- sionalism, passion, and attention to safety made our experience unforget- table. From the moment we arrived, we were treated like VIPs and made to feel not only welcome, but safe. Alesia and GG (Georgiana) checked us in while Bella helped outfit our group with top- quality gear.
glide past us with serene authority. But we had been warned: if tiger sharks show up, the dive will change. And they were right. As soon as the tigers arrived - sleek, striped, and commanding - the ham- merheads wasted no time. They gave a few slow passes and then vanished into the blue. The next hour be- longed to the tigers, who circled with power and grace, snacking and in- specting the scene as we remained transfixed. It was thrilling, surreal, and unlike any other dive I've experi- enced. My friends keep asking, "You chose to do that?" Absolutely. I came to Bi- mini for the thrill - but what I discov- ered went far deeper than any single dive.
Tiger Sharks of Bimini
After a mere 10 minute boat ride aboard the Coral Princess, we arrived at the famous shark dive site. K’Lyn deliv- ered a rivetting pre-dive briefing, then we suited up to begin the adventure. As we descended into the impossibly clear waters to a depth of 29 feet, sunlight shimmered in ribbons across the sand. Our group gathered on the ocean floor as the bait box was gently lowered. Around us, nearly 20 nurse sharks hov-
Beyond the Dive: What Sharks Mean to Bimini Bimini, a narrow chain of islands in the Bahamas, is world-renowned for its vibrant marine life and seasonal shark aggregations. But to the people of Bimini, these sharks are more than just a tourist draw. They're woven into the island's culture, economy, and identity in profound ways.
PAGE EIGHTEEN | SCUBA DIVING INDUSTRY
TRAVEL continued 1. Ecological and Traditional Importance
3. Conservation and Science Bimini Shark Lab: The world-famous Bimini Biolog- ▪ ical Field Station has made the island a hub for shark
Local Lore and Identity: Sharks - especially hammer- ▪ heads and tigers - are deeply embedded in Bimini's folklore. They symbolize
science. Its work on hammerheads and tigers has earned international attention and helped locals embrace a culture of marine stewardship. Education: Programs from the Shark ▪ Lab and other groups have inspired pride in Bimini's marine biodiversity, especially among young residents. 4. Modern Identity:
strength, endurance, and the un- tamed spirit of the surrounding sea. Traditional Fishing Practices: ▪
Historically, local fishers have re- spected sharks as vital parts of the marine ecosystem. While they were sometimes caught, there has long been an under- standing of their role in sustaining reef health and fish populations.
William Cline & Amber Wagenknecht
Cultural Symbolism: The hammerhead is now a ▪ beloved icon across Bimini - featured in murals, busi- ness logos, and tourist campaigns. Ambassadors for Conserva- ▪
2. Economic and Tourism Value Shark Tourism: Bimini has ▪ earned its place as a global hotspot for shark ecotourism. Today, live sharks are worth far more than those caught for meat or fins. Diving with ham- merheads and tigers supports local hotels, restaurants, and dive centers year-round - not just in the summer. Great Hammerheads: Bimini is ▪
Hammerhead Sharks of Bimini by Steve Grover
tion: Bimini's sharks are helping position the Ba- hamas as a leader in marine protection across the Caribbean.
In the end, diving with ham- merheads and tigers in Bimini was far more than an adrenaline rush - it was a rare chance to ex- perience a destination where cul- ture, conservation, and the underwater world all collide. We came for the sharks, but left with a deeper appreciation for everything that makes Bimini so unforgettable.
one of the only places on earth where divers can reliably en- counter these majestic animals, especially between De- cember and April. Tiger Sharks: Though ▪
We're Doing It Again! If you missed this year's cruise, don't worry - we're doing it again in 2026. Every dive pro- fessional is invited. Let's make it a party in Bimini and enjoy the thrill together. With even more dive pros, unforgettable underwater encounters, and a
Myself, William & Patty Cline, Greg Holt, Walt DiMartini.
more unpredictable, they remain a key draw for thrill-seeking divers, adding to Bimini's repu- tation as a premier shark diving destination. The Bahamas Diving As- ▪ sociation estimates shark diving tourism represents $78 million dollars a year to the Bahamian econ- omy.
whole new wave of fun planned, you won't want to miss it. Stay tuned for more details coming soon in Scuba Diving Industry Magazine.
email Amber
PAGE NINETEEN | SCUBA DIVING INDUSTRY
RESEARCH
The Results for Cline’s 1st Quarter Global Dive Survey – by William Cline, Publisher, & President for 35 years of Cline Group, a marketing, research and advertising consultancy specializing the scuba diving industry.
The results of our latest Global Diving Industry Business Survey are now available. Based on data col- lected from dive businesses world- wide and extrapolated using industry benchmarks, including 966 U.S. dive retailers, this report reveals key trends from the first quarter of
U.S. Dive Certification Snapshot – Q1 2025: U.S. dive retailers are estimated to have issued 11,040 ▪ new certifications in Q1 2025, compared to 19,072 in Q4 2024. Tropical Operators – Q1 2025: Average certifications among tropical dive shops, live- ▪ aboards, and resorts fell to 12.7 per location, down from 37.7 in Q4 2024.
2025 and projections for the quarter ahead. Key Highlights: 38.3% of businesses reported ▪ lower gross revenues in Q1 2025 vs. Q1 2024. 41.8% expect flat gross sales in ▪ Q2 2025 compared to Q2 2024. New diver certifications, travel bookings, and equipment sales are all projected to remain steady.
Projected Outlook: Un- like last quarter's projections, 41.8% predict their gross sales for the 2nd quarter of 2025 will be the same as in 2024, this is com-
pared to 39.2% saying they projected positive growth in the 1st quarter of 2025. Scan/Click to see all the results.
read the results
CLINE’S 1ST QUARTER 2025 SURVEY RESULTS ARE IN! HOW DID YOU COMPARE? VIEW THE RESULTS HERE:
view results
CLINE GROUP HAS BEEN CONDUCTING QUARTERLY GLOBAL DIVE BUSINESS SURVEYS FOR 24 YEARS – ALL FREE TO THE INDUSTRY. VIEW THE RESULTS NOW!
PAGE TWENTY | SCUBA DIVING INDUSTRY
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