Under Sowing
Optimisation of ground for production of extra forage, whilst retaining nutrients, boosting soil organic matter and reducing soil erosion over winter.
Under sow at 4-8 leaf stage – timing will depend on weed burden. Drill rather than broadcast to increase success of establishment.
•Follow maize with a winter cereal.
•Forage rye
- Very hardy, capable with withstanding severe frost. - Ideal for grazing or conservation - Quick to establish. - High yields for grazing or conservation
Key Benefits
Reduces bare soil – reducing risk of run off and erosion. Holds the soil together during harvest, allowing better travel, less risk of compaction.
•IRG
Can produce an additional forage crop overwinter/early spring.
•Westerwolds
Creates cover if a late harvest is required or risk of not getting a crop in afterwards. Adds diverse root structuring and can provide organic matter if incorporated.
- Similar characteristics to IRG - Good at reducing nitrogen leaching over winter.
Options after Maize
•Cover crop
- Choices can be limited by cooler soil temperatures. - Winter hardy species should be chosen.
Water holding capacity increased.
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The key rule for undersown maize is the same as that for any cover crop. The performance of the main crop should not be compromised in any way by the undersown crop. Sowing too early will cause competition with the maize and issues with herbicides – MGA, 2022
•Stubble turnips/forage rape
- Latest sowing up to mid-September
If a crop post-harvest is unlikely due to harvest date, and likely conditions, an undersown crop could be a good option. SFI 2024 – SOH4 After harvesting maize, establish a non-cash winter cover crop either by planting a quick-growing variety post-harvest or maintaining an earlier undersown crop. Light grazing is permitted, provided the cover crop remains well-established during winter.
BARTHOLOMEWS
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