MEDICATION KINETICS
Elimination t ½
Equivalent Dose
Elimination t ½
Equivalent Dose
Generic Name T Cmax
Generic Name T Cmax BENZODIAZEPINES Alprazolam aka Xanax
ANTIPSYCHOTICS Chlorpromazine (sedating) aka Thorazine
PO: 1 hr SC/IM: 30 min IV: 15 min (6-15) PO: 1 hr SC/IM: 30 min IV: 15 min (6-15)
PO: 1 hr
11.2 hrs
0.5 mg
24 hrs (23-37)
100 mg
Clonazepam
PO: 2 hrs (1–4) PR: 10–30 min
30 hrs (19–50)
0.5 mg
aka Klonopin
Haloperidol EM (non-sedating) aka Haldol
PO:1 hr (0.89–1.32) PR gel:1.5 hrs IM: 1 hr IV: 8 min
45 hrs Metabolites: 30–100 hrs
21 hrs (10–38)
2 mg
Diazepam EM aka Valium
10 mg
Olanzapine (sedating)
Flurazepam
PO: 6 hr IM: 30 min (15–45)
30 hrs (21–54)
4 mg
PO: 1 hr
8 hrs
15-30 mg
aka Dalmane
aka Zyprexa
12 hr Metabolites: 12–18 hrs
Lorazepam
PO: 1 hr SC/IM: 30 min
Prochlorperazine aka Compazine
PO/PR: 2 hrs (1.5–5)
1-2 mg
8 hrs (6.8–9)
---
aka Ativan
Midazolam EM aka Versed
SC/IM: 30 min IV: 15 min (6–15)
Quetiapine (sedating)
2 hrs (1–3)
2-4 mg
PO: 1.5 hrs
6 hrs
125 mg
Oxazepam
aka Seroquel
PO: 1 hr
12 hrs (5-15)
20 mg
aka Serax
Risperidone
PO: 3 hrs Metabolites: 21–30 hrs
Temazepam
PO: 1.5 hrs
12 hrs (10 – 15)
20 mg
(non-sedating) aka Risperdal
PO: 1 hr (1–2)
1 mg
aka Restoril
Eszopiclone aka Lunesta Zaleplon aka Sonata Zolpidem aka Ambien
PO: 1.5 hrs
6 hrs
3 mg
aka = also known as IR = Immediate Release ER = Extended Release EM = Essential Medicine as defined by WHO and IAHPC SC dosing is preferable over IM dosing Avoid medications with short half-lives in patients with short life expectancy who may experience withdrawal when these medications are stopped at end of life.
PO: 1 hr
1 hr
20 mg
PO: 1.6 hrs
2.5 hrs (1.5-7)
20 mg
65 NB: These Reference Cards do not replace careful clinical judgment specific to each patient / family situation. PCIC: Palliative Care Interdisciplinary Curriculum is a collaborative effort of OhioHealth, The Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center, and Nationwide Children’s Hospital in Columbus, Ohio, USA, and other contributors. Permission to reproduce any or all of these PCIC Reference Cards is granted for non-commercial educational purposes only, provided that the attribution statement and copyright are displayed. To reproduce for all other purposes, contact Frank D. Ferris at info@pallmed.us. Copyright © Frank D Ferris 2013-2024. All rights reserved. V14.1, 2024
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