MEDICATION KINETICS
Generic Name
T Cmax
Elimination t ½
Generic Name
T Cmax
Elimination t ½
ANTIDEPRESSANTS Amitriptyline EM aka Elavil
ANTICONVULSANTS Carbamazepine aka Tegretol Fosphenytoin (prodrug of phenytoin, (not 1 st order kinetics) aka Cerebyx Gabapentin aka Neurontin
PO IR: 4 hrs PO chew tab: 6 hrs PO suspension: 1.5 hrs
15 hrs (10-50) Metabolite: Nortriptyline
PO: 4 hrs (2-12)
12 hrs (12–17)
Bupropion
21 hrs Metabolites: (20-50)
PO: 2 hrs (3-12)
SC/IM: 30 min IV: immediate
Conversion to
aka Wellbutrin
phenytoin: 15 min Phenytoin: 7–42 hrs
Citalopram aka Celexa
PO: 4 hrs
35 hrs
(at end of infusion)
Desipramine
14.3–24.7 hrs
PO: 2 hrs (1.5–4) PO IR: 1 hr PO Solution: 1 hr PO ER: 4 hrs IV/SC: 1 hr PO: 10 hrs (8-12) SC/IM: 2 hrs (1-3) IV: 30 min IR PO: 1–2 hrs IV: 25 min (20–25)
6 hrs (5–7)
PO: 3–6 hrs
aka Norpramin
(variable 1 st pass)
16.8 hrs (8–25) Metabolites: 51.3 hrs (33.2–80.7) 12.5 hrs (9.2-19.1)
Doxepin Potent H 1 antagonist aka Sinequan Duloxetine aka Cymbalta Escitalopram aka Lexapro
Levetiracetam aka Keppra
7 hrs (6-8)
PO: 1 hrs
PO: 6 hr PO: 5 hr
Phenobarbital
96 hrs (50-120)
30 hrs (27-32)
5 days (4–6) Metabolites: 16 days 12 hrs (8-12) Metabolite: Desipramine
PO: 7–42 hrs
Fluoxetine EM aka Prozac
PO: 7 hrs (6–8)
Phenytoin (not 1 st order kinetics) aka Dilantin
(Polymorphic saturable enzyme)
Imipramine aka Tofranil
PO: 1 hr
Pregabalin aka Lyrica
1.5 hrs (1–1.5)
6 hrs (5–6.5)
Nortriptyline aka Pamelor
PO: 1 hr
40 hrs (20-100)
PO: Valproic acid capsules Depakene : 2 hrs (1–4) PO: Divalproex tab: 4–8 hrs PO: Divalproex sprinkle capsule: 3.3–4.8 hrs PO: Na valproate solution: 1.2 hrs PR: Diluted valproic acid syrup: 3.1 hrs IV: Depacon : at end of 1 hr infusion
Paroxetine aka Paxil
PO: 6 hrs (3-10)
21 hrs
24 hrs, Metabolites: 35 hrs (62–104)
Sertraline aka Zoloft
PO: 4 hrs (4–8)
Valproic acid
Trazodone EM aka Desyrel
PO: 1.5 hrs (0.5–2) PO IR: 2 hrs (1–2) PO ER: 5.5 hrs
7 hrs
aka Depakene, Depakote
12 hrs (6–17)
5 hrs Metabolite: 11 hrs
Venlafaxine aka Effexor
aka = also known as IR = Immediate Release ER = Extended Release EM = Essential Medicine as defined by WHO and IAHPC
67 NB: These Reference Cards do not replace careful clinical judgment specific to each patient / family situation. PCIC: Palliative Care Interdisciplinary Curriculum is a collaborative effort of OhioHealth, The Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center, and Nationwide Children’s Hospital in Columbus, Ohio, USA, and other contributors. Permission to reproduce any or all of these PCIC Reference Cards is granted for non-commercial educational purposes only, provided that the attribution statement and copyright are displayed. To reproduce for all other purposes, contact Frank D. Ferris at info@pallmed.us. Copyright © Frank D Ferris 2013-2024. All rights reserved. V14.1, 2024
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