emotionally connect with a place. 37 Unlike screen tourism or mass visitation, literary tourists have been known to claim a perceived higher status. 38 Authors can be viewed as modern day saints, and henceforth their pilgrims travel to the locations associated with their works and life. 39 However, adaptations of popular novels have blurred the line between the impact the literature or a production have had on tourism. 40 One case where the effects of literary tourism in conjunction with film and television can be observed is in the World Heritage City of Bath. The success of Pride and Prejudice (1995) provided a new era for the aftermath of a production. 41 Around three-hundred spectators turned up at Lacock Village (near Bath) to witness the production in action, reflecting the pre- established interest in Austen’s works. 42 Whilst not featuring in the production itself, the connection of Austen’s life and her wider work with the city has had a noted impact on interest in Bath. 43 Pride and Prejudice and Sense and Sensibility (1995) produced a succession of Austen adaptions that continue to this day. 44 Which, furthermore, have be credited with the establishment of the Jane Austen Centre that has featured an annual festival in her honour since 2001. 45 The Centre has acknowledged the vital role the adaptations have had on their business, yet do not reference any particular production. 46 Instead, through the use of marketing and positive press, they can 37 VisitScotland, Soul Seeking in a Destination: The Importance of Storytelling in Tourism (2022) <https://www.visitscotland.org/research-insights/about-our-visitors/interests-activities/film-tv> [accessed 13 July 2023] (p. 4-6). See also Olsberg SPI, Stately Attraction How Film and Television Programmes Promote Tourism in the UK , p. 5. 38 Olsberg SPI , Quantifying Film and Television Tourism in England , p. 1. See also W. Ommundsen, “‘If it’s Tuesday, this must be Jane Austen’: Literary tourism and the heritage industry.”, Text, 9.4 (2005), 1-9 (p. 1). 39 Ommundsen, p. 3. 40 Richard Butler, ‘Literary Tourism’ in Working Definitions in Literature and Tourism , ed. by Sílvia Quinteiro and Maria José Marques, (2022) https://www.pasosonline.org/Publicados/pasos_difunde/Working%20Definitions%20in%20Literature% 20and%20Tourism_A%20Research%20Guide.pdf (p. 80). 41 De Groot, p. 189. 42 Edgington and Taylor, p. 97. 43 Olsberg SPI, Stately Attraction How Film and Television Programmes Promote Tourism in the UK , p. 10. 44 De Groot, p. 189. See also Olsberg SPI, Stately Attraction How Film and Television Programmes Promote Tourism in the UK , p. 5. 45 Jane Austen centre, Festival History <https://janeausten.co.uk/pages/festival-history> [accessed 16 July 2023]. See also VisitBath , Persuasion in Bath (2023), <https://visitbath.co.uk/inspire-me/film-and- tv-in-bath/persuasion-in-bath> [accessed 12 July 2023]. See also VisitBath, Discover Persuasion Filming Locations in Bath (2022) <https://visitbath.co.uk/blog/read/2022/07/discover-persuasion- filming-locations-in-bath-b178> [accessed 12 July 2023]. 46 Olsberg SPI, Stately Attraction How Film and Television Programmes Promote Tourism in the UK , p. 104.
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