Private Sector Association Advocacy Work on the Respective Policies
Similarly, for alternative finance sources, most youth believe that the country’s regulatory framework is not friendly enough to smoothly support the inflow and outflow of funds from international sources. This was mentioned mainly by startup businesses. Moreover, youth engaging in agriculture requested a review of the Agriculture Policy; they believe challenges like subsidies for inputs, farmland, extension services, logistics. and distribution will be addressed when the policy is reviewed. Many respondents referenced the Youth Development Policy and stated that the policy will be able to address youth issues in multiple sectors.
There are several ongoing advocacy efforts to address the review of policies detrimental to youth enterprise development, mostly spearheaded by private-sector associations. Youth, particularly those who are members of associations, are informed and feel actions taken by their associations are helpful. Forty-nine percent of the 112 respondents agree with this statement.
Figure 13. Presence of Private Sector Association (PSA) Advocacy to Address Detrimental Policies or Instruments Affecting Youth Enterprises
Figure 14. Policies to be Reviewed in Tanzania Mainland – Stakeholder Perspectives
Disagree 4%
No Response 8%
Access to Finance (traditional and alternative sources)
Neutral 27%
Policies/ Practices That Need Review (Tanzania Mainland)
Agree 49%
Youth Development Policy
Strongly Agree 10%
Agriculture Policy
Policies That Need Review
Respondents were asked to name policies or practices detrimental to youth enterprises. The analysis of survey findings from the 112 submitted questionnaires reflects that policy needs for youth in mainland Tanzania are similar to those in Zanzibar. The cross-cutting country regulatory environment partly explains this (the United Republic of Tanzania), but youth also face common challenges in both areas. Although the mainland and Zanzibar demonstrate different priorities, youth mentioned common policies and policy instruments of concern, including education policy, tax instruments (especially income tax), and business licenses for startups.
Zanzibar
The 24 youth respondents from Zanzibar, Unguja and Pemba believe that land policy, finance-related policy, and trade policy should be prioritized. For finance-related policy, the youth provided similar reasons as on the mainland. Regarding land policy, the youth explained their desire to engage more in agricultural businesses but that the availability of land to conduct farming activities is limited (due to the geographic nature of the islands). However, youth perceive that the government, through policy, could allocate land for farming activities and assign areas for youth. In the area of trade, youth stated that there should be policies to ensure the efficient conduct of trade between Zanzibar and the mainland and to promote fair competition between importers and local youth-run enterprises that must compete in the market. Import activities for trade purposes are vital in Zanzibar (including processed agriculture products), which brings competition to local nascent industries, including those owned by youth.
Tanzania Mainland
According to 88 youth respondents in the five regions surveyed in Tanzania’s mainland, most challenges relate to access to finance policies, the Youth Development Policy, and agriculture policies. Youth-related finance policies will respond to their challenge of access to finance. They acknowledge the presence of local finance providers, but challenges like collateral limit access to credit facilities.
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Youth Enterprise Policy Analysis Report
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