References
[1] “UNICEF” https://www.unicef.org. [2] British Council and the UK's Department for International Development (DFID). “Youth Voices in Tanzania.” 2016. https://www.britishcouncil.org/research-policy- insight/research-reports/next-generation-youth- voices-tanzania. [3] British Council and DFID, “Youth Voices in Tanzania.” [4] URT, Integrated Labour Force Survey 2020/2021 [5] United Republic of Tanzania. 2019. “Tanzania in Figures, 2018.” National Bureau of Statistics, June 2019. https://www.nbs.go.tz/nbs/takwimu/references/Tanza nia_in_Figures_2018.pdf. [6] Yami, Mastewal, Shiferaw Feleke, Tahirou Abdoulaye, Arega D. Alene, Zoumana Bamba, and Victor Manyong, “African Rural Youth Engagement in Agribusiness: Achievements, Limitations, and Lessons,” Sustainability (11) 185 (January 2019), DOI: 10.3390/su11010185. [7] Technical Centre for Agricultural and Rural Cooperation, 2020. [8] Tanzania Startup Association (TSA), “Tanzania Startup Ecosystem Status Report 2022” (March 2023). https://tsa.co.tz/docs/Tanzania%20Startup%20Ecosyst em%20Status%20Report%202022_current.pdf. [9] TSA, “Tanzania Startup Ecosystem Status Report”. [10] Transparency International, 2019. [11] World Bank, “Tech Start-up Ecosystem in Dar es Salaam. Findings and Recommendations,” October 10, 2017, https://doi.org/10.1596/28113. [12] The Global Competitiveness Index 2019 covers 141 economies and measures national competitiveness, defined as the set of institutions, policies, and factors that determine the level of productivity. [13] Tanzania is also ranked low in the following categories (out of 141 countries): cost of starting a business (133); time to start a business (115); infrastructure (121); skills (126); and information and communication technology adoption (133). World Economic Forum. 2019. The Global Competitiveness Report 2019. Geneva, Switzerland.
[14] Jahari, Cornel. 2021. The Effects of Institutional Bottlenecks on Enterprise Development and Competitiveness in Productive Sectors in Tanzania. REPOA Brief, 8/2021. Dar el Salaam, Tanzania. [15] World Bank Group, Assessment of the Tanzania Horticulture Subsector Competitiveness, 2020. [16] -ibid-. [17] Finscope, Rural Youth, Inclusive Finance Study, 2017. [18] TAHA, Horticulture Industry Position Paper 2020. [19] -ibid-. [20] Farm Africa, Access to Finance for Micro, Small & Medium Enterprises In Tanzania. [21] World Bank Group, 2018, Assessment of the Tanzania Horticulture Sub-sector Competitiveness, 2020. [22] -ibid-. [23] This term refers to new entrants in business with high growth potential that are knowledge- driven, regardless of whether they are termed as startups or small and medium enterprises (SMEs). [24] TSA, “Report Launch: Comparative Baseline Study on Establishing the Startup Policy in Tanzania,” YouTube video, 3:13, April 21, 2022, https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=1GZnYmKbRqY; TSA, “Publications,” https://tsa.co.tz/publication/publication_1.html. [25] TSA, “Mapping and Digitalizing the Startup Ecosystem in Tanzania,” October 2021, https://tsa.co.tz/docs/Mapping%20and%20Digitalizing %20the%20Startup%20Ecosystem%20in%20Tanzani a.pdf. [26] i4Policy is a pan-African nongovernmental organization that brings citizens, communities, and governments together for co-creation. [27] A regulatory sandbox is a regulatory approach, clearly articulated in writing, that allows new businesses to test innovations without significant regulatory oversight. These arrangements are typically time-bound and size-delimited. https://blogs.law.ox.ac.uk/oblb/blog- post/2023/05/why-we-need-regulatory-sandbox- ai#:~:text=The%20idea%20behind%20the%20sandb ox,a%20responsible%20and%20ethical%20way. [28] World Bank, 2017; Tech Start-up Ecosystem in Dar es Salaam. Findings and Recommendations.
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Youth Enterprise Policy Analysis Report
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