KEY CONSIDERATIONS 1. Zoonotic infection occurs primarily through occupational or recreational exposure to feral pigs or their products. 2. Infection of pig hunting dogs in enzootic regions is reported, with seroprevalence as high as 9%. 3. Veterinary clinic staff should take appropriate precautions when performing procedures, particularly reproductive procedures, on pig hunting dogs.
Proactive advice and education should be provided to pig hunters on risk management strategies.
References: 1. James, D., et al (2017) Clinical management of Brucella suis infection in dogs and implications for public health. Aust Vet J, 95(1-2), 19-25. 2. Keyburn, A.L., et al (2020) Brucella: not your ‘typical’ intracellular pathogen. Microbiol Aust, 41(1), 38-41. 3. Scholz, H.C., et al (2016) The change of a medically important genus: worldwide occurrence of genetically diverse novel Brucella species in exotic frogs. PLoS One, 11(12), e0168872. 4. Mor, S.M., et al (2018) Pigs, pooches and pasteurisation: The changing face of brucellosis in Australia. Aust J Gen Pract, 47(3), 99. 5. Villalobos-Vindas, J.M., et al (2017) Brucellosis caused by the wood rat pathogen Brucella neotomae: two case reports. J Med Case Rep, 11(1), 352. 6. Ridoutt, C., et al (2014) Detection of brucellosis and leptospirosis in feral pigs in New South Wales. Aust Vet J, 92(9), 343-7. 7. Mason, R.J., et al (1999) Serological survey for Brucella antibodies in feral pigs from eastern Australia. Aust Vet J, 77(5), 331-2.
8. Megid, J., et al (2010) Clinical manifestations of brucellosis in domestic animals and humans. Open Vet J, 119-126. 9. Orr, B., et al (2021) Prevalence of Brucella infection in pig hunting dogs in Queensland. Manuscript in preparation. 10. Mor, S.M., et al (2016) Emergence of Brucella suis in dogs in New South Wales, Australia: clinical findings and implications for zoonotic transmission. BMC Vet Res, 12(1), 199. 11. Orr, B., et al (2019) The welfare of pig-hunting dogs in Australia. Animals, 9(10), 853. 12. Eales, K.M., et al (2010) Brucellosis in northern Australia. Am J Trop Med Hygiene, 83(4), 876-878. 13. Corbel, M.J., (2006) Brucellosis in humans and animals. World Health Organisation. 14. Liu, Z., et al (2020) Different clinical manifestations of human brucellosis in pregnant women: A systematic scoping review of 521 cases from 10 countries. Infect Drug Resist, 13, 1067-1079.
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23 Companion Animal Zoonoses Guidelines
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