IN ANIMALS continued
PREVALENCE AND RISK FACTORS • There is no published prevalence data for sarcoptic mange in dogs in Australia.
• Sarcoptic mange can affect dogs of all ages and breeds, although younger dogs (less than two years of age) are more commonly affected. 6 Immunocompromised dogs are more susceptible to severe disease. 4 CLINICAL DISEASE • Sarcoptes infestations in dogs are initially characterised by urticaria, progressing to intense pruritic lesions associated with localised dermatitis, papules, erythema, excoriation, and alopecia. Lesions are more common over the pinnae, face, limbs (particularly elbows and hocks) and the ventral abdomen. 4,7,8 Dogs may begin to be pruritic prior to the development of obvious skin lesions.
Typical distribution of skin lesions in a dog with sarcoptic mange
Life cycle of Sarcoptes scabiei var. canis Life cycle of Sarcoptes scabiei var. canis
D.H. Dog and fox
Adult mites mate on the surface of the skin
Nymphs and adults are the main contagious stages of S. scabiei
The mature female digs tunnels in the epidermis and feeds on the basal layers
Nymph
Complete life cycle: 2–3 weeks
Adults
Larva
Eggs hatch and larvae migrate to the surface of the skin
The female lays eggs in the tunnels
Female mite and eggs
D.H. = definitive host
Extracted from the Textbook of Clinical Parasitology in dogs and cats, Beugnet F., Halos L., Guillot J., Ed Servet, 2018. Life cycles adapted from Pet Owner Educational Atlas. Parasites, Carithers D. and Miro G., Ed Servet, 2012. Life cycle from Beugnet, F., et al (2018) Textbook of Clinical Parasitology in Dogs and Cat. Grupo Asis Biomedica, S.L.; Adapted from Carithers, D., et al (2012) Pet Owner Educational Atlas.
CONTENTS
Companion Animal Zoonoses Guidelines 76
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