This is the same definition used for ERA. It is consistent with a broad notion of research and experimental development comprising "creative and systematic work undertaken in order to increase the stock of knowledge—including knowledge of humankind, culture and society—and to devise new applications of available knowledge" as defined in the ARC funding rules.
Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander research
Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander research means that the research (as defined in the preceding definition) significantly: • relates to Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander peoples, nations, communities, language, place, culture or knowledges, and/or
• is undertaken with Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander peoples, nations, or communities.
Engagement
Research engagement is the interaction between researchers and research end-users outside of academia, for the mutually beneficial transfer of knowledge, technologies, methods or resources.
Impact
Research impact is the contribution that research makes to the economy, society, environment or culture, beyond the contribution to academic research.
Research end-user
A research end-user is an individual, community or organisation external to academia that will directly use or directly benefit from the output, outcome or result of the research. Examples of research end-users include governments, businesses, non-governmental organisations, communities and community organisations.
Specific exclusions of research end-users are:
• publicly funded research organisations (CSIRO, AIMS, ANSTO, NMI, DST etc.)
• other higher education providers (including international universities)
• organisations that are affiliates, controlled entities or subsidiaries (such as medical research institutes) of a higher education provider
• equivalents (international or domestic) of the above exclusions.
In EI 2018, certain types of organisations were excluded from the definition of end-user for the reason that engagement and impact was required to be beyond academia. There has been some feedback that the research end-user definition is unclear or excludes organisations which are legitimate end-users of research. There is an additional concern that university research which has an impact within the university sector is ineligible for assessment under EI’s current research end- user definition. An example of this is research on higher education which leads to impact within the higher education sector.
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