Zinnia (Zinnia elegans & Zinnia marylandica) Part I Successful germination
Syngenta Flowers APAC Technical Webinar for Tropical Regions 09-18-2024 2 p.m.
Inka Orange 70041091
Zinnia assortment overview
Series (species) Zydeco (Zinnia marylandica) Short Stuff (F1 Zinnia elegans) Magellan (F1 Zinnia elegans) Swizzle (F1 Zinnia elegans) Uproar (F1 Zinnia elegans) Zowie! (F1 Zinnia elegans) Juliette (Zinnia elegans)
Genetic Containers Width, cm Height, cm Habit Syngenta Pots: 13—20 35—50 30—35 mounding
Application
Specific features Largest flower in marylandica genetic
Patio pots / gardens / landscape Patio pots / gardens Patio pots / gardens / landscape Patio pots / gardens / landscape
Syngenta Packs / Pots: 9—11 Syngenta Packs / Pots: 9—13
25—30 20—25 upright
Dwarf
Genetically semi- compact Outstanding color patterns
25—30 25—35 upright
Syngenta Pots: 11—13 25—30 25—35 upright
Syngenta Pots: 13—15 60—65 60—70 upright Cut Flower / landscape Semi-tall variety
Syngenta Pots: 13—15 60—65 60—70 upright Cut Flower / landscape Semi-tall variety
Floranova Packs / Pots: 9—10.5 cm
25—30 25—30 upright Landscape on big areas Efficient landscaper
Page 96 – 2024/25 Catalog Syngenta Flowers
Page 61 – 2024/25 Catalog
Floranova
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Zinnia portfolio
Short Stuff (F1 Zinnia elegans)
Magellan (F1 Zinnia elegans)
Swizzle (F1 Zinnia elegans)
Zydeco (Zinnia marylandica)
Juliette (Zinnia elegans) Landscape
Pots / Patio pots
Patio pots / Landscape
Patio pots
Landscape / Pots
7 colors & 1 mix
8 colors & 1 mix
2 colors
4 colors & 1 mix
7 colors & 1 mix
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Zinnia as a cut flowers
Uproar (F1 Zinnia elegans)
Zowie! (F1 Zinnia elegans)
Cut flowers / Landscape
Cut flowers / Flower fields
Really double flowers
Unique color
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Opportunity with Zinnias from Syngenta
Magellan
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5 components of success with Zinnia
Viruses Hygiene!
Fungicide rotation!
pH control.
Timing. Fast crop!
Stretching control.
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Why Hygiene again?
Viruses Hygiene!
Zinnia leaf curl virus!
Let’s make your choice
India (Maharashtra State) 2024
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Hygiene. Sources of infection!
Water
Ready plants & weeds
Old trays / material
Plant residuals
People
Substrate
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Create a barrier for viruses!
Viruses Hygiene!
Use the net.
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Create a barrier for viruses!
Viruses Hygiene!
Trap virus vectors: • Aphids, • Thrips, • Whiteflies.
Sticky trap
UV trap
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Create a barrier for viruses! Avoid transit as much as it possible. Human is main vector for many plant diseases!!!
Viruses Hygiene!
Caisson
No transit!
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Create a barrier for viruses!
Viruses Hygiene!
Not combine seedlings & ready plants
Young plants only!
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Care of work scheduling #1!
Viruses Hygiene!
Young plants.
Ready plants.
Finish
Working with young plants
Continue in afternoon
9:00 am
Finish
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Care of work scheduling #2!
Viruses Hygiene!
Young plants.
Ready plants.
Continue in afternoon
9:00 am
Working with ready plants
9:00 am
Finish
Continue in afternoon
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Quarantine!
Viruses Hygiene!
All good practices:
One entrance
Net on the side walls
Caisson
Antiseptic mat
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Precautions. Wash seedlings area well!
Hygiene
Let's start with clean area:
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Disinfection library
Hygiene
List of commercially available chemicals.
Features and surface reactions
Chemical class*
Common Active Ingredients
Sample Trade Names*
Precautions Bactericidal Virucidal Fungicidal Sporicidal
• Slow acting • Affected by pH
• Best at high temps • Corrosive to metals • Severe skin burns; mucous membrane irritation • Environmental hazard • Slow acting • Affected by pH and temperature • Irritation of skin/ mucous membrane • Only use in well ventilated areas • Fast acting • Affected by pH • Frequent application • Inactivated by UV radiation • Corrodes metals, rubber, fabrics, • Mucous membrane irritation • Stable in storage • Affected by pH • Requires frequent application • Corrosive • Stains clothes and treated surfaces • Pungent odor • Noncorrosive • Fast acting • May damage some metals (e.g., lead, copper, brass, zinc) • Powdered form may cause mucous membrane irritation • Low toxicity at lower concentrations • Environmentally friendly • Can leave residual film on surfaces • Can damage rubber, plastic; non-corrosive • Stable in storage • Irritation to skin and eyes
+
+
+
+
trisodium phosphate (TSP) 10 % solution
Alkalis
Very caustic
+
+/-
+
+
formaldehyde, glutaraldehyde, ortho-phthalaldehyde
Aldehydes
Synergize®
Carcinogenic Toxic gas released if mixed with strong acids or ammonia
+
+
+
+
sodium hypochlorite (bleach), calcium hypochlorite, chlorine dioxide
Halogens: Chlorine
Clorox®, Wysiwash®
+
+
+
+/-
Halogens: Iodine
povidone-iodine
hydrogen peroxide/ accelerated HP, peracetic acid, potassium peroxymonosulfate ortho-phenylphenol, orthobenzylpara-chlorophenol
Rescue®, Oxy-Sept 333®, Virkon-S®, ZeroTol®, OxiDate®, SaniDate® One-Stroke Environ®, Pheno- Tek II®, Tek-Trol®, Lysol® Roccal-D®, DiQuat®, D-256®, Physan 20®, Green Shield®, Klean GrowTM
+
+
+/-
+
Proxygene Compounds
+
+
+
-
May be toxic to animals
Phenols
• Stable in storage • Best at neutral or alkaline pH • Effective at high temps
+
+
+
+
Quaternary Ammonium Compounds
benzalkonium chloride, alkyldimethyl ammonium chloride
• High concentrations corrosive to metals • Irritation to skin, eyes, and respiratory tract
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Hygiene. Mind a gap! • No matter what kind of method you will use trays bottom shouldn’t touch greenhouse floor.
Hygiene
Small gap…
…or big one
Doesn’t matter it should be
Ground should be covered!
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pH control
pH control.
• Porous substrate (Up to 20―30% of perlite). • Rinse cocopeat well.
• leavening agent: perlite > sand > zeolite > vermiculite. • Sift the substrate to obtain a uniform particle size 0―5 mm • pH range: 5.5―5.8(5.9) • SME: 0.5 mS/cm • Saturate substrate up to level 5 right before sowing. Level 5 SATURATED Level 4 WET Level 3 MEDIUM Level 2 MEDIUM DRY Level 1 DRY 2 3 4 5 6 7 8
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How to add acid?
pH control.
1
Start with higher pH level
6
2 3 4 5
7 8
Add a bit more (1 ml) acid
Lower
30%
7
6
If pH 5.5?
Yes
2
3
4
5
Fill tank with water 100 - 200 l
Check pH (7.3)
Add acid < 10 ml
Add 05
Higher
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Add a bit more water
Why pH is critical?
pH control.
pH number is logarithm! Real hydrogen cations concentrations are: pH 1 = 0,1 mol/l pH 2 = 0,01 mol/l pH 3 = 0,001 mol/l pH 4 = 0,0001 mol/l pH 5 = 0,00001 mol/l pH 6 = 0,000001 mol/l pH 7 = 0,0000001 mol/l pH 8 = 0,00000001 mol/l …
100 times
Difference between closest pH values not 1 time is 10 times!
10 times
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Sowing / germination stage
• Suggested tray size – 128 or 288 cell • Seed – place 1 seed per cell • Do I need to cover the seed? yes Light is not required • Germination chamber – NO! • Soil Temp: 23―24 0 C 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26
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Sowing / germination stage
Stretching control.
• Germination chamber – NO!
Timing. Fast crop!
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Catharanthus disease management
Fungicide rotation!
Most common Catharanthus seedling diseases.
Disease
Active ingredients (rate in chemical)
Active Ingredient concentration in solution g/l* 3.2 g/l mancozeb + 0.2 g/l mefenoxam 0.4 g/l azoxystrobin + 0.16 g/l cyproconazole
Use as prophylactic
+
mancozeb (640 g/kg) + mefenoxam (metalaxyl-M) (40 g/kg)
azoxystrobin (200 g/l) + cyproconazole (80 g/l)
Alternaria
+
fludioxonil (25 g/l)
0.05 g/l 0.04 g/l 0.15 g/l
difenoconazole (25 g/l)
azoxystrobin (50%)
Pythium
pyraclostrobin (12.8%) + boscalid (25.2%)
0.03–0.07 g/l pyraclostrobin or/and 0.05–0.15 g/l boscalid
+
propamocarb (600 g/l) azoxystrobin (50%) fludioxonil (125 g/l)
1.8 g/l
0.15 g/l
+
0.05–0.07 g/l
Rhizoctonia
chlorothalonil (72%) + thiophanate-methyl (18%)
0.75–1,25 g/l chlorothalonil or/and 0.18–0,27 g/l
pentachloronitrobenzene (75%) polyoxin D zinc salt (11.3%)
0.75–1,25 g/l
0.07 g/l
* Rotate active ingredients (AI). Don’t apply the same AI more than 3 times at row. Check phytotoxicity!
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Q&A session.
• Thank you for your time. • For more information, please contact your Key Account Manager.
Amjad.Iqbal@syngenta.com Key Account Manager SEAP (South East Asia & Pakistan) (Pakistan, Thailand, Vietnam, Indonesia, Malaysia, Singapore, Phillipines, Cambodja, etc
Ivan.Pozdnyakov@syngenta.com Technical Sales Specialist SA/SEAP
Gautam.Sangle@syngenta.com Key Account Manager SA (South Asia) (India, Nepal, Bangladesh)
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