Zinnia (Zinnia elegans & Zinnia marylandica) deep dive into technology Part II
Syngenta Flowers APAC Technical Webinar for Tropical Regions 10-02-2024 2 p.m.
Inka Orange 70041091
Short recap of previous Webinar
• Opportunity of Syngenta Zinnia assortment (Short Stuff, Magellan, Swizzle, Zydeco, Juliette). Find best series for your pot size and landscape. • 5 parts of success in germination with Zinnia: - Hygiene, - pH control, - Stretching control (not use germ. chamber), - Timing (very fast crop), - Fungicide rotation! • Hygiene & quarantine, create a barrier from viruses. • Start with clean greenhouse. • Substrate & material requirements. • pH control. • General condition & timing. • Disease management (fungicide rotation). Your questions are welcome through Q&A!
Public
5 components of success with Zinnia
Viruses Hygiene!
Stretching control. Feed you plants.
Fungicide rotation!
Day length.
Timing. Fast crop!
Public
Why Hygiene again?
Zinnia leaf curl virus! Virus diseases are uncurable.
Let’s make your choice
Viruses Hygiene!
India (Maharashtra State) 2024
Public
Hygiene. Sources of infection!
Water
Ready plants & weeds
Viruses Hygiene!
Old trays / material
Plant residuals
People
Substrate
Public
Hygiene. Quarantine!
All good practices:
One entrance
No ready plants
Net on the side walls
Mind a Gap !
Viruses Hygiene!
Caisson
Antiseptic mat
No Transit
Public
Hygiene. Wash seedlings area well!
Let's start with clean area:
Hygiene
Public
Seedling stage. General conditions
• Temperature - Day:
18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26
Temperature difference provides compactness
- Night:
18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26
• Light intensity : 30―35 KLk
Moderate Shade
Heavy Shade
Partial Sun/Shade
Light Shade
Full Sun
• Keep substrate moisture between the levels 2 and 4
Level 5 SATURATED
Level 4 WET
Level 3 MEDIUM
Level 2 MEDIUM DRY
Level 1 DRY
Stretching control.
Public
Stretching control.
• Media pH: 5.5–5.9 Feed your plants well!
6
2 3 4 5
7 8
• Media EC: SME 0.5 to 0.75 mS/cm
Test soup before plant will show you it’s hungry
Stretching control.
• Fertilizer: 50–75 ppm N • Check plant health (EC & pH) before plant needs reanimation.
Public
Stretching control.
EC in the substrate shows how plant is hungry. Less 0.4 – very hungry. More than 1.5 – needs less food.
EC in the water and EC in the substrate are not the same!
Stretching control.
Plant absorbs part of fertilizers
Public
Stretching control. How it works. #1
Save PGR, create compact and strong plant with EC !
Provide EC in the water on the level 1.5―1.7, but not higher 2.3
Quite high EC provides high heat resistance as well.
Stretching control.
Public
Stretching control. How it works. #2
С of inner compounds > C of outer compounds
Growth is under osmotic pressure control.
С of inner compounds > C of outer compounds
Cell wall + membrane Vacuole
Cell wall + membrane Vacuole
Nucleus
Nucleus
Stretching control.
Cytoplasm
Cytoplasm
Osmotic pressure force 𝜋𝜋 = 𝑅𝑅𝑅𝑅∑ 𝑗𝑗 𝑛𝑛 𝐶𝐶𝐶𝐶 . Total compound concentration is 0,3 mol/l. Potassium concentration (K) is only 0,1 mol/l. (about 0,1 % of plant weight). Osmotic pressure is 6 times higher than atmospheric. More fertilizers > more outer concentration > more pressure Less fertilizers > less outer concentration > less pressure
Public
Stretching control. Feed your plant!
Not apply Ca & Mg fertilizers to often Apply Ca(NO 3 ) 2 + Mg(NO 3 ) 2 every two weeks only.
week 1
week 2
week 3
1.5
1.5 1.5
1.3 1.3 1.3
1.3
Stretching control.
1.0
0.7
Water EC, mS/cm
0.4-0.5
Public
Day length sensitivity.
Zinnia is facultative short-day plant. So, long day will delay blooming. Plug daylength Finish Day length Crop time Flower no.
Finish height/ size
Single flowers
Short days Very early High
Compact
Least
Early flowering Short days Flower initiation
Long days
Early
High
Compact
Least
Early flowering Short days Flower initiation
Most
Average
Mid/ Average Mid/ average
Long days Short days Mid
Large container
Long days Long days
Mid
Average
Least
Day lenth.
Public
Transplanting. Substrate.
• Porous substrate (Up to 20―30% of perlite). • Substrate components: - cocopeat,
- white peat, - wood fiber, - rise husk, - bark.
Perlite is a best leavening agent
• leavening agent: perlite > sand > zeolite > vermiculite. • Sift the substrate to obtain a uniform particle size 5 ―20 mm • pH range: 5.5―5.8(5.9)
6
2 3 4 5
7 8
• SME: 0.5 mS/cm • Use substrate with moisture level 2―3. • Do not compress substrate to much.
Wood fiber one of efficient option
Public
Infection agents. Treatment
Add Trichoderma-base or bacterial-base chemical into substrate mixture (Gliocladium catenulaturm, Bacillus subtilis, Bacillus amylolquefaciens, Streptomyces sp. K 61, Streptomyces lydicus strain WYEC 108, * Trichoderma harzianum, Trichoderma virens, Trichoderma asperellum, Trichoderma gamsii…) * Chemical on the base of bacteria can be combined with fungicides as well. Can be used as prophylactic.
Viruses Hygiene!
Public
Growing conditions.
• Temperature - Day:
18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26
Temperature difference provides compactness
- Night:
18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26
• Light intensity : 40―60 KLk
Moderate Shade
Heavy Shade
Partial Sun/Shade
Light Shade
Full Sun
• Keep substrate moisture between the levels 2 and 4
Level 5 SATURATED
Level 4 WET
Level 3 MEDIUM
Level 2 MEDIUM DRY
Level 1 DRY
Public
Growing conditions.
• Media pH: 5.5–5.9
Test soup before plant will show you it’s hungry
6
2 3 4 5
7 8
• Media EC: SME 0.5 to 0.75 mS/cm
• Fertilizer: 20 0– 250 ppm N • Check plant health (EC & pH) before plant needs reanimation.
Stretching control.
Public
Zinnia disease management
Most common Zinnia seedling diseases.
Disease
Active ingredients (rate in chemical)
Active Ingredient concentration in solution g/l* 3.2 g/l mancozeb + 0.2 g/l mefenoxam 0.4 g/l azoxystrobin + 0.16 g/l cyproconazole
Use as prophylactic
+
mancozeb (640 g/kg) + mefenoxam (metalaxyl-M) (40 g/kg)
azoxystrobin (200 g/l) + cyproconazole (80 g/l)
Alternaria
+
fludioxonil (25 g/l)
0.05 g/l 0.04 g/l 0.04 g/l 0,25 g/l
difenoconazole (25 g/l) Penconazole (100 g/l)
Powdery mildew
azoxystrobin (250 g/l)
azoxystrobin (50%) fludioxonil (125 g/l)
0.15 g/l
+
0.05–0.07 g/l
Rhizoctonia
chlorothalonil (72%) + thiophanate-methyl (18%)
0.75–1,25 g/l chlorothalonil or/and 0.18–0,27 g/l
pentachloronitrobenzene (75%) polyoxin D zinc salt (11.3%)
0.75–1,25 g/l
0.07 g/l
Fungicide rotation!
* Rotate active ingredients (AI). Don’t apply the same AI more than 3 times at row. Check phytotoxicity!
Public
Zinnia disease management
Pseudomonas!
Common compound against bacteria: • Copper based chemicals (Cu(OH)Cl, CuSO 4 ), • Zink phosphate (Zn 3 (PO 4 ) 2 ) • Agricultural streptomycin, kasugamycin
Avoid water dripping
Fungicide rotation!
* Rotate active ingredients (AI). Don’t apply the same AI more than 3 times at row. Check phytotoxicity!
Public
Q&A session.
• Thank you for your time. • For more information, please contact your Key Account Manager.
Syngenta-Flowers
Amjad.Iqbal@syngenta.com Key Account Manager SEAP (South East Asia & Pakistan) (Pakistan, Thailand, Vietnam, Indonesia, Malaysia, Singapore, Phillipines, Cambodja, etc
Ivan.Pozdnyakov@syngenta.com Technical Sales Specialist SA/SEAP
Gautam.Sangle@syngenta.com Key Account Manager SA (South Asia) (India, Nepal, Bangladesh)
Public
Page 1 Page 2 Page 3 Page 4 Page 5 Page 6 Page 7 Page 8 Page 9 Page 10 Page 11 Page 12 Page 13 Page 14 Page 15 Page 16 Page 17 Page 18 Page 19 Page 20 Page 21Made with FlippingBook Learn more on our blog