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A further improvement was the Balanced Tangential Method whereby the angle observed at a survey station are applied half way back into the previous interval and half way forward into the next.
Figure 43: Balanced Tangential Method
These techniques all suffer from the weakness that the wellpath is modelled as a straight line. More recently, the computational ability of computers has allowed a more sophisticated approach. In the summary slide figure 44 we see two curved models.
Figure 44: Methods of dealing with curvature.
The one on the left assumes that the wellpath fits on the surface of a cylinder and therefore can have a horizontal and vertical radius. The one on the right assumes the wellpath fits on the surface of a sphere and simply has one radius in 3 pl n h mnmz s h cu u qu d of h ngul obs ons. hsm hod,known s h ‘Mnmum u u ’ m hod, is now effectively the industry standard.
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