Treatment will depend on the type of colic the horse is experiencing. It can include the administration of NSAID’s, tranquilizers, analgesics, IV fluid therapy and a NG tube to decompress the stomach, the administration of intestinal lubricants, laxatives or ____________ correction. There are several recognized types of colic, though individual cases may be a combination of one or more type. The types are: 1) Flatulent/Gas colic – excessive gas in intestinal lumen causing distension 2) Spastic/Spasmodic colic – increased intestinal motility causing diarrhea and pain 3) Simple Obstruction/impaction – impaction of materials in the lumen of the intestine causing mechanical blockage 4) Strangulation – twisting of the intestine and its blood supply Intussusception – “telescoping” of adjacent pieces of intestine causing obstruction Volvulus (torsion, displacement, “twisted gut”) twisting of the intestine on itself 5) Non-strangulating Infarction – obstruction of the blood flow to a portion of the intestines
Prevention is establishing and maintaining correct management practices.
Prognosis is good for horses treated immediately with an overall survival rate of ______________ %. If surgery is indicated, 80%will fully recover. If bowel resection was required, only 50% will fully recover.
Peritonitis
Peritonitis is a term used to describe the inflammation of the peritoneum. The peritoneum lines the _______________ wall and normally produces a serous fluid called peritoneal fluid. The cause of peritonitis is any type of ____________________ from foreign matter or bacteria within the abdominal cavity. When the peritoneum is irritated or infected it secretes a _______________________ that leads to the formation of adhesions between the peritoneum, the gut and the muscular abdominal wall, causing pain and dysfunction of these structures. Acute peritonitis leads to shock and endotoxemia due to the foreign matter/bacteria within the cavity. Predispositions include; gastric or intestinal rupture, intestinal obstructions or strangulation, bladder rupture, penetrating wound of abdominal cavity, strangles and parasites. In mares, vaginal tears, dystocia and uterine torsion or rupture can lead to peritonitis while in foals, navel infection, hernia, pneumonia and septicemia are common predispositions. Acute signs & symptoms include severe ________________ , colic symptoms (sweating, rolling etc.…), absent bowel sounds, pain on palpation of the abdomen, rigid flank or belly due to muscle guarding, diarrhea, dehydration, shock, increase TPR and death within a few hours. Chronic
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