Diagnosis of equine infectious anemia is made through the _______________ test, an agar-gel immunodiffusion test for the presence of antibodies against equine infectious anemia virus. There is no treatment for equine infectious anemia and euthanasia is recommended for infected individuals no matter the clinical presentation, though it may not be mandatory by law for sub- clinical carrier in some areas. Equine infectious anemia is a ________________ disease that is generally controlled by the euthanasia of infected individuals and the quarantine of other horses known to have had contact with an infected individual.
Thrombocytopenia
Thrombocytopenia is defined as a __________________ in the number of circulating thrombocytes. This condition may be idiopathic or may be related to DIC or the autoimmune lysis of thrombocytes. Thrombocytopenia occurs when thrombocytes are either destroyed by infection or autoimmune disease or are used in the formation of microthrombi at a rate that exceeds the body’s ability to produce new thrombocytes.
Systemic viral infection predisposes the horse to thrombocytopenia.
Thrombocytopenia is seen as exercise intolerance, exercise induced pulmonary haemorrhage, epistaxis and _________________ haemorrhage in the case of injury or surgery. Diagnosis is made through blood analysis showing a decrease in the number of circulating thrombocytes. Treatment involves the treating of any underlying infection and the administration of ________________________ to promote the production of new thrombocytes. Leukocytosis and Leukopenia Leukocytosis is an increase in the number of circulating white blood cells while leukopenia is a decrease in the number of circulating white blood cells. Generally leukocyte production increases with the presence of _______________ , but specific diseases can impair leukocyte production or cause the lysis of infected leukocytes. Often blood analysis of the concentrations and types of circulating leukocytes is used in diagnosis of systemic diseases.
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