of the cervix and the vagina is normal. Uterine torsion is most commonly seen late in gestation, usually at seven months or later. symptoms such as repeated rolling, kicking at the abdomen, sweating, groaning and anorexia. Mares may appear to be in labour, urinate frequently or go into shock. Fetal death may occur if the torsion is not corrected. The clinical presentation of uterine torsion includes
Uterine torsion can be diagnosed through rectal palpation.
Treatment involves correcting the twist, manually or surgically. If the fetus is at risk, labour can be induced if the fetus is near full term or an emergency C-section can be performed. A hysterectomy may also occur if ischemic damage occurred to the uterus.
Rupture of the Prepubic Tendon
Rupture of the prepubic tendon is caused by repeated
of the prepubic
tendon and the associated muscles.
Repeated pregnancy, especially with large and heavy fetuses, causes tendonitis and tearing of the tendon fibres of the prepubic tendon. Chronic tendonitis weakens the prepubic tendon as torn fibres are replaced through scaring, which is less strong than the original tissue. Eventually the weight of the fetus exceeds the tensile strength of the prepubic tendon resulting in the rupture of the prepubic tendon. Tearing of the rectus abdominus muscle near its insertion is commonly seen in conjunction with rupture of the prepubic tendon. mares and those with large body mass, such as draft horses and draft crosses, are predisposed to rupture of the prepubic tendon. Athletic and fine built mares are least likely to experience rupture of the prepubic tendon. of the abdomen, hyperlordosis and haemorrhagic mammary secretions. If the rupture is complete the mare may experience distress or shock, pain and an increase in respiratory rate and pulse. The clinical presentation of prepubic tendon rupture includes ventral edema,
Diagnosis can be made through the clinical signs and symptoms.
Treatment includes the use of abdominal support devices, rest and induced parturition if the foal is deemed viable. If the mare is unable to strain during parturition delivery by section is possible. Prognosis is poor for both the mare and the foal; however it has been reported that natural vaginal delivery provides a more positive prognosis. Mares may not be able to carry again if the strain is severe.
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