Diagnosis can be made through the clinical signs and symptoms.
Treatment includes the thorough cleaning and repair of the uterus and the manual replacement of the uterus inside the pelvic cavity. Systemic antibiotics should be administered, and tetanus antitoxin may be required in mares with incomplete vaccination history. Prognosis for mares experiencing uterine prolapse is poor to guarded as haemorrhage, endotoxemia and uterine are common complications that may cause death or inhibit future pregnancy.
Haemorrhage
Internal bleeding is a serious complication of parturition due to the rupture of a large blood vessel within the uterus or pelvis, most commonly the . Older broodmares are at higher risk for rupture of the uterine artery. The risk increases as the mare ages. Signs and symptoms include severe abdominal pain, weakness, staggering, pale mucus membranes followed by , collapse and death. Diagnosis is through signs and symptoms as the bleeding is internal. External bleeding may be seen due to external trauma to the birth canal. Treatment is surgical intervention although it usually not successful. Bleeding may stop spontaneously so keeping the mare calm in a dark quiet area may help. Treat for shock with IV fluids.
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