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AFRICAN AMERICAN OPIOID COALITION

DANE COUNTY Treatment Instead of Incarceration.

How Should Substance Use Disorders Be Treated in Jail?

How to Recognize the Need for Treatment vs. Incarceration

Does Prison Provide Addiction Treatment?

Will Choosing Rehab vs. Incarceration Cost Effective?

2453 Atwood Ave, UNIT 210, Madison, WI 53704

Charlestine “Charlie” Daniel Founder

A ffectionately called Ms. Charlie in the village. She is the Director and Founder of the African American Opioid Coalition and the program coordinator for falls prevention at

Safe Communities Madison-Dane County.

She has been an advocate and ally to underrepresented groups for over 35 years. She

retired from the Wisconsin Technical College System as the education director for Minority

Students Participation and Displaced Homemakers. She has been the recipient of many awards

in the village, including. YWCA Women of Distinction, NAACP, Community Shares Sally

Sunde award, City of Madison James C. Wright award, and the Dane County Martin Luther

King, Jr. award to name a few.

She is the past president of Access Community Health Centers, a member of the

African American Health Network, Wisconsin Women of Color Network and the Madison

Metropolitan Links, Inc. She studied at Jackson State College, University of Wisconsin-Green

Bay and the University of London.

(608) 441-3060 CONTACT US:

TEXT FROM: SAFERCOMMUNITY.NET

DANE COUNTY Treatment Instead of Incarceration. 2453 Atwood Ave, UNIT 210, Madison, WI 53704

Criminal justice involvement and incarceration occur disproportionately among African-Americans vs. other ethnic groups in the U.S. In 2001, the lifetime rate of prison time for African-American males was nearly 17%, over six times higher than the lifetime rate for Caucasian males.(Bonczar 2003) African-American females were similarly over-represented (nearly 6 times more likely to be incarcerated) when compared to their white counterparts. Between nine and ten percent of U.S. African-American males age 15–29 were in prison at year-end 2003. This contrasts starkly from 1.1% of white males, and 2.6% of Hispanic males in the same age group.(Harrison and Beck 2006)

Drug treatment courts (DTCs) provide substance abuse treatment and case management services to offenders with substance use disorders as an alternative to incarceration. Studies indicate that African-Americans less frequently complete DTC programming. The current study analyzed data from the Dane County Drug Treatment Court (n = 573). The study ascertained factors associated with failure to complete treatment among African- American DTC participants. Significant factors were unemployment (p = 0.011), previous criminal history (p = 0.013), and, possibly, the presence of a cocaine use disorder (p = 0.064). Treatment plans for DTC participants should incorporate services addressing needs specific to African- Americans, who are over-represented in the U.S. correctional system. The current results indicate that employment, prior corrections involvement, and the presence of a cocaine use disorder may be specific issues to consider.

Substance use and underlying substance use disorders account for a plurality, if not the majority, of an increasing burden on the U.S. criminal justice system. In 2002, 75% of convicted drug offenders met substance dependence or abuse criteria, and 25% of drug offenders reported committing their crime in order to get money for drugs.(Mumola and Karberg 2006) African-Americans are dramatically over-represented among this segment of the criminal justice population, as well. In 2002, 43% of felons convicted of drug offenses were African-American.(Durose and Langan 2004)

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Twenty-four percent of African-American inmates in state prisons were incarcerated for drug offenses, markedly higher than rates for Caucasian inmates (14%). This disproportion persists despite similar rates of illicit drug use among whites and African- Americans. The 2006 National Survey on Drug Use and Health found rates of substance abuse and dependence which were virtually indistinguishable at 9.3 and 9.5 percent respectively. Rates of past month use were marginally higher for African- Americans (9.7%) than for whites (8.4%), but certainly not to an extent that explains the dramatic differences in corrections involvement for drug- related offenses.(SAMHSA 2007)

TEXT FROM: NCBI.NLM.NIH.GOV

A ccording to Vera, the average cost per inmate is over $33,000 per year. However, this varies depending on the state. For example, Alabama has the lowest at around $15,000, and New York is the highest at almost $70,000 per inmate. In contrast, the cost of rehab averages around $5000. This makes rehab vs. incarceration a much more cost-effective choice. Besides sending drug offenders to jail being expensive, it does nothing to treat the problem that got them in trouble. A study in Crime & Delinquency finds if ten percent of offenders are sentenced to drug treatment vs. incarceration, it saves the judicial system almost $5 billion. Furthermore, if 40

percent of offenders receive rehab vs. incarceration, it saves the system $13 billion. Choosing drug treatment leads to fewer crimes, lower addiction rates, and saves society money.

(608) 441-3060

2453 Atwood Ave, UNIT 210, Madison, WI 53704

Will Choosing Rehab vs. Incarceration

Should Individuals Suffering From Addiction be Treated Like Criminals? Should Individuals Suffering Suffering From Addiction From Addiction

(608) 441-3060

TEXT FROM: SANALAKE.COM

2453 Atwood Ave, UNIT 210, Madison, WI 53704

T here are over 2 million Americans in jail right now, which equals about 1 in 100 adults in state and federal prisons and local jails. Of those, 20

percent or 1 in 5 are nonviolent drug offenders.

The National Center on Addiction and Substance Abuse states 65 percent

of the prison population meets the criteria for substance use disorder. However,

less than 11 percent receive treatment. As a result, they come out of jail without

the tools and knowledge to live a life of recovery.

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How to Recognize the Need for Treatment vs. Incarceration

E ach person who enters jail receives a medical exam. This exam helps identify any medical conditions or disorders a person may need treatment for. During this exam, signs of active addiction should be apparent.For example, people who use heroin typically experience visible withdrawal symptoms within six hours of their last use.

These symptoms including: • Sweating • Abdominal pain • Shaking • Agitation • Nervousness

However, opioids are not the only drugs that cause symptoms of withdrawal. Long-term alcohol misuse can lead to hallucinations during withdrawal. These hallucinations can lead to seizures which need long-term medication management. In rehab, a person receives the medical detox and round-the-clock care required to safely withdrawal from drugs or alcohol.

TEXT FROM: SANALAKE.COM

(608) 441-3060

2453 Atwood Ave, UNIT 210, Madison, WI 53704

Does Prison Provide Addiction Treatment? W hile the Federal Bureau of Prisons proves that well-designed and implemented prison addiction programs have excellent results, only around 11 percent of prisoners actually receive treatment. The bureau states that people who complete these programs typically: • Cause fewer problems while in jail • Have a lower risk of recurrence of use • Reduces criminal behavior • Reduces recidivism • Improves physical and mental health symptoms and disorders • Improves employment opportunities • Together the benefits of drug treatment vs. incarceration provide significant safety and economic benefits to society. These requirements may include: • Random drug screens • Attending support groups such as Alcoholics Anonymous or Narcotics Anonymous

• Meeting with a probation officer • Attending regular court check-ins • Being a nonviolent offender with a substance use disorder • Must not have a record of violent offenses • Must be referred by the court

Sometimes entering into drug treatment vs. incarceration allows you to be exempt from a guilty plea and may even prevent a conviction on your record. However, in some cases choosing rehab may require a guilty plea to the crime.

TEXT FROM: SANALAKE.COM

2453 Atwood Ave,UNIT 210 Madison, WI 53704

(608) 441-3060

How Can I Increase My Chance of Drug Treatment vs. Incarceration?

W hile first-time offenders typically are given an option of jail vs. treatment for drug offenders, there are some things you can do to improve your chances at rehab. Typically, there is about a month between being arrested and seeing a judge. During this time, you should be attending an inpatient or outpatient treatment program or at least attending support group meetings regularly. Although this isn’t a guarantee, it does show the court you recognize you have a problem and are actively seeking help for your substance use disorder.

(608) 441-3060

TEXT FROM: SANALAKE.COM

2453 Atwood Ave,UNIT 210 Madison, WI 53704

Statistics on Drug Treatment vs. Incarceration for Drug-Related Crimes S tatistics indicate there are numerous advantages of sending someone to drug treatment vs. incarceration. In fact, if 10 to 15 percent of those convicted of drug-related charges were sent to drug treatment, it would save society $48 billion a year. In addition, studies continue to show that drug rehab more effectively boosts trade than creating new businesses. This is based on the proof that almost 75 percent of prisoners re-offend once released. This is compared to about 57 percent of those who attend drug rehab. Moreover, drug and alcohol misuse is often correlated with criminal activities. For example, studies show a person struggling with opioid use disorder (OUD) typically commits 63 crimes a year. Choosing jail vs. treatment for drug offenders leads to economic and social repercussions such as: • Increasing the burden on prisons • Increases recidivism • Increases fines • Being detrimental to the wellbeing of someone with a substance use disorder

TEXT FROM: SANALAKE.COM

(608) 441-3060

2453 Atwood Ave,UNIT 210 Madison, WI 53704

Statistics on Drug Treatment vs. Incarceration for Drug-Related Crimes

G etting more drug offenders into rehab vs. incarceration can save society money in a variety of ways. Including, • Recovery reduces the risk of arrest and incarceration • A decrease in crimes minimizes the cost of public defenders and courtroom fees • The initial cost of drug treatment is considerably less than the cost of imprisonment • Short and long-term healthcare costs are reduced with addiction treatment and recovery • Opens up resources previously allocated to care for offenders children Treatment for Drug Offenders vs. Jail Saves Money for Society

TEXT FROM: SANALAKE.COM

A ccording to the National Academy of Sciences report on Medications for Opioid Use Disorder, only 5 percent of people struggling with OUD receive medication-assisted treatment or MAT. In fact, a survey of prison medical directors shows that most directors are not even aware of the benefits of MAT because the treatment offered typically consists of counseling without follow-up. How Should Substance Use Disorders Be Treated in Jail?

(608) 441-3060 CONTACT US: 2453 Atwood Ave,UNIT 210, Madison, WI 53704

TEXT FROM: SANALAKE.COM

The Importance of a Continuum of Care in Addiction Recovery W hen people refer to a continuum of care, you

can imagine it as a single thread of treatment that begins when you choose to enter professional rehab and carries through to aftercare and beyond. In a continuum of care, patients generally “step down” to less intensive levels of care as they recover. In this model, your team personalizes and adjusts care to meet your unique needs every step of the way, including after you’ve left the facility. Imagine if a heart attack patient had their symptoms treated during the incident and was then sent home without cardiac rehab services or any

additional care. Most people would consider that a dangerous oversight. So many ways things could go wrong with possibly deadly consequences. Yet, people with substance abuse disorders frequently receive exactly that: fragmented care with life- threatening consequences as a result. An ideal continuum of care will have a wide array of services and specialties to meet the individual’s unique needs.

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Some important services on the continuum would include: • Inpatient hospitalization: The highest level of care is reserved for people who need the most intensive services under the supervision of a team of professionals. These short-term services are frequently found in acute care hospitals.

• Inpatient/residential treatment: Longer in duration than inpatient hospital stays, residential treatment can last from 28 days to one year or longer. These programs still provide 24-hour care from trained staff, but they will offer more freedom. • Partial hospitalization programs (PHP): PHPs provide outpatient treatment five days each week for four to six hours each day, meaning the person lives and sleeps in their home. This level of treatment is a match for people who need structure and consistency but are not appropriate for inpatient or residential. • Intensive outpatient programs (IOP): If PHP is too much treatment, IOP could be the best option. IOPs provide about three hours of treatment two or three days of the week. • Outpatient: Standard outpatient therapy consists of hour-long therapy sessions ranging from several sessions each week or only one session each month. It can also include teletherapy services. • Aftercare: Aftercare services help you with coping skills for triggers, relapse prevention plans, extra resources and peer support so you can stay sober and live a healthy, fulfilling life once you’ve left the facility. In addition to these treatments, a person may need detoxification services that help the body rid itself of the alcohol and drugs safely under the care of professionals. Detox can take place in an inpatient or outpatient setting. Similarly, medication-assisted treatment, or MAT, should be present on the continuum to manage addictions, cravings, or underlying mental health disorders. Not every person will need all services on the continuum, but it is important for each service to be available.

(608) 441-3060 CONTACT US: 2453 Atwood Ave,UNIT 210, Madison, WI 53704

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TEXT FROM: THERECOVERYVILLAGE.COM

C ounty S ervices - S ubstance U se Dane County | African American | 2021

(608) 441-3060 CONTACT AAOC 2453 Atwood Ave,UNIT 210, Madison, WI 53704

DATA FROM: DHS.WISCONSIN.GOV

(608) 441-3060 CONTACT US: 2453 Atwood Ave,UNIT 210 Madison, WI 53704

DANE COUNTY Treatment Instead of Incarceration.

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