Machinery's Handbook, 31st Edition
2772 Metal Tube Material: Steel tubing is usually made from carbon steel (plain or galvanized) or stain less steels (304 or 316). It is used in a variety of applications to carry liquids or gases. Stainless steel is known for its corrosion resistance when exposed to a variety of materials. Copper tubing is typically offered as either soft annealed or hard drawn. Annealed tub- ing is easy to bend, while drawn tubing is stiff. Drawn tubing has a higher pressure rating than annealed. Flare fittings may be installed on annealed temper tube, but not on drawn temper; both types can be soldered or brazed. Copper tube types and applications are given in Table 17. Table 17. Copper Tubing Types and Applications Tube Type Standard Applications Commercially Available Sizes
Domestic Water Fire Protection Solar Fuel/Fuel Oil HVAC Compressed Air Natural Gas, LP Gas Vacuum Domestic Water Fire Protection Solar Fuel/Fuel Oil Natural Gas, LP Gas HVAC Compressed Air Vacuum Domestic Water Fire Protection Solar Fuel/Fuel Oil HVAC Vacuum Drain, Waste, Vent
• Straight Lengths: 1 ⁄
4 inch to 12 inch 1 ⁄ 4 inch to 2 inch
K
ASTM B88
• Coils:
• Straight Lengths: 1 ⁄
4 inch to 12 inch 1 ⁄ 4 inch to 2 inch
L
ASTM B88
• Coils:
• Straight Lengths: 1 ⁄
M ASTM B88
4 inch to 12 inch
• Straight Lengths: 1 1 ⁄ • Straight Lengths: 3 ⁄ 8 inch to 4 1 ⁄
DWV ASTM B306
HVAC Solar
4 inch to 8 inch
Air Conditioning Refrigeration Natural Gas, LP Gas Compressed Air Medical Gas Compressed Medical Air Vacuum
8 inch 8 inch
ACR ASTM B280
• Coils: 1 ⁄
8 inch to 1
5 ⁄
• Straight Lengths: 1 ⁄
OXY/MED ASTM B819
4 inch to 8 inch
Sizes: Steel tubing is highly standardized, with designations of outside diameter and wall thickness. Imperial and metric sizes are available. A selection of Imperial sizes and pressure ratings of stainless steel tubing is given in Table 18. The system of Copper Tube Sizes (CTS) depends on type. Types K, L, M, DVW (Drain Waste Vent), and OXY/MED all have an outside diameter 1/8” larger than the nominal size designation. Type ACR (Air Conditioning & Refrigeration) tubing outside diameter is equal to the nominal size designation. Dimensions of copper tube are found in Table 19. Pressure Ratings: Pressure ratings for stainless steel tubes were given in Table 18. Al- lowable maximum pressure for metal tubes can be calculated as it was for metal pipes.
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