Shafts 303 Comparison of Hollow and Solid Shafting with Same Outside Diameter.— Table 4 that follows gives the percent decrease in strength and weight of a hollow shaft relative to the strength and weight of a solid shaft of the same diameter. The upper figures in each line give the percent decrease in strength and the lower figures give the percent decrease in weight. Example: A 4-inch shaft, with a 2-inch hole through it, has a weight 25 percent less than a solid 4-inch shaft, but its strength is decreased only 6.25 percent. Table 4. Comparative Torsional Strengths and Weights of Hollow and Solid Shafting with Same Outside Diameter Dia. of Solid and Hollow Shaft, Inches Diameter of Axial Hole in Hollow Shaft, Inches 1 1 1 ∕ 4 1 1 ∕ 2 1 3 ∕ 4 2 2 1 ∕ 2 3 3 1 ∕ 2 4 4 1 ∕ 2 1 1 ∕ 2 19.76 48.23 … … … … … … … … 44.44 69.44 … … … … … … … … 1 3 ∕ 4 10.67 26.04 53.98 … … … … … … … 32.66 51.02 73.49 … … … … … … … 2 6.25 15.26 31.65 58.62 … … … … … … 25.00 39.07 56.25 76.54 … … … … … … 2 1 ∕ 4 3.91 9.53 19.76 36.60 62.43 … … … … … 19.75 30.87 44.44 60.49 79.00 … … … … … 2 1 ∕ 2 2.56 6.25 12.96 24.01 40.96 … … … … … 16.00 25.00 36.00 49.00 64.00 … … … … … 2 3 ∕ 4 1.75 4.28 8.86 16.40 27.98 68.30 … … … … 13.22 20.66 29.74 40.48 52.89 82.63 … … … … 3 1.24 3.01 6.25 11.58 19.76 48.23 … … … … 11.11 17.36 25.00 34.01 44.44 69.44 … … … … 3 1 ∕ 4 0.87 2.19 4.54 8.41 14.35 35.02 72.61 … … … 9.46 14.80 21.30 29.00 37.87 59.17 85.22 … … … 3 1 ∕ 2 0.67 1.63 3.38 6.25 10.67 26.04 53.98 … … … 8.16 12.76 18.36 25.00 32.66 51.02 73.49 … … … 3 3 ∕ 4 0.51 1.24 2.56 4.75 8.09 19.76 40.96 75.89 … … 7.11 11.11 16.00 21.77 28.45 44.44 64.00 87.10 … … 4 0.40 0.96 1.98 3.68 6.25 15.26 31.65 58.62 … … 6.25 9.77 14.06 19.14 25.00 39.07 56.25 76.56 … … 4 1 ∕ 4 0.31 0.74 1.56 2.89 4.91 11.99 24.83 46.00 78.47 … 5.54 8.65 12.45 16.95 22.15 34.61 49.85 67.83 88.59 … 4 1 ∕ 2 0.25 0.70 1.24 2.29 3.91 9.53 19.76 36.60 62.43 … 4.94 7.72 11.11 15.12 19.75 30.87 44.44 60.49 79.00 … 4 3 ∕ 4 0.20 0.50 1.00 1.85 3.15 7.68 15.92 29.48 50.29 80.56 4.43 6.93 9.97 13.57 17.73 27.70 39.90 54.29 70.91 89.75 5 0.16 0.40 0.81 1.51 2.56 6.25 12.96 24.01 40.96 65.61 4.00 6.25 8.10 12.25 16.00 25.00 36.00 49.00 64.00 81.00 5 1 ∕ 2 0.11 0.27 0.55 1.03 1.75 4.27 8.86 16.40 27.98 44.82 3.30 5.17 7.43 10.12 13.22 20.66 29.76 40.48 52.89 66.94 6 0.09 0.19 0.40 0.73 1.24 3.02 6.25 11.58 19.76 31.65 2.77 4.34 6.25 8.50 11.11 17.36 25.00 34.02 44.44 56.25 6 1 ∕ 2 0.06 0.14 0.29 0.59 0.90 2.19 4.54 8.41 14.35 23.98 2.36 3.70 5.32 7.24 9.47 14.79 21.30 28.99 37.87 47.93 7 0.05 0.11 0.22 0.40 0.67 1.63 3.38 6.25 10.67 17.08 2.04 3.19 4.59 6.25 8.16 12.76 18.36 25.00 32.66 41.33 7 1 ∕ 2 0.04 0.08 0.16 0.30 0.51 1.24 2.56 4.75 8.09 12.96 1.77 2.77 4.00 5.44 7.11 11.11 16.00 21.77 28.45 36.00 8 0.03 0.06 0.13 0.23 0.40 0.96 1.98 3.68 6.25 10.02 1.56 2.44 3.51 4.78 6.25 9.77 14.06 19.14 25.00 31.64 The upper figures in each line give number of percent decrease in strength; the lower figures give percent decrease in weight. Machinery's Handbook, 31st Edition
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