Machinery's Handbook, 31st Edition
Specific Gravity 379 Table 18. Degrees on Baumé’s Hydrometer Converted to Specific Gravity Deg. Baumé Specific Gravity for Liquids Deg. Baumé Specific Gravity for Liquids Deg. Baumé Specific Gravity for Liquids Heavier than Water Lighter than Water Heavier than Water Lighter than Water Heavier than Water Lighter than Water 0 1.000 … 27 1.229 0.892 54 1.593 0.761 1 1.007 … 28 1.239 0.886 55 1.611 0.757 2 1.014 … 29 1.250 0.881 56 1.629 0.753 3 1.021 … 30 1.261 0.875 57 1.648 0.749 4 1.028 … 31 1.272 0.870 58 1.667 0.745 5 1.036 … 32 1.283 0.864 59 1.686 0.741 6 1.043 … 33 1.295 0.859 60 1.706 0.737 7 1.051 … 34 1.306 0.854 61 1.726 0.733 8 1.058 … 35 1.318 0.849 62 1.747 0.729 9 1.066 … 36 1.330 0.843 63 1.768 0.725 10 1.074 1.000 37 1.343 0.838 64 1.790 0.721 11 1.082 0.993 38 1.355 0.833 65 1.813 0.718 12 1.090 0.986 39 1.368 0.828 66 1.836 0.714 13 1.099 0.979 40 1.381 0.824 67 1.859 0.710 14 1.107 0.972 41 1.394 0.819 68 1.883 0.707 15 1.115 0.966 42 1.408 0.814 69 1.908 0.704 16 1.124 0.959 43 1.422 0.809 70 1.933 0.700 17 1.133 0.952 44 1.436 0.805 71 1.959 0.696 18 1.142 0.946 45 1.450 0.800 72 1.986 0.693 19 1.151 0.940 46 1.465 0.796 73 2.014 0.689 20 1.160 0.933 47 1.480 0.791 74 2.042 0.686 21 1.169 0.927 48 1.495 0.787 75 2.071 0.683 22 1.179 0.921 49 1.510 0.782 76 2.101 0.679 23 1.189 0.915 50 1.526 0.778 77 2.132 0.676 24 1.198 0.909 51 1.542 0.773 78 2.164 0.673 25 1.208 0.903 52 1.559 0.769 79 2.197 0.669 26 1.219 0.897 53 1.576 0.765 80 2.230 0.666 How to Estimate the Weight of Natural Piles.— To calculate the upper and lower limits of weight of a substance piled naturally on a plate, use the following:
For a substance piled naturally on a circular plate, forming a cone of material, (1) where W = weight, lb (kg); D = diameter of plate in Fig. 1a, in feet (meters); and, M = a materials factor, whose upper and lower limits are given in Table 19b. W MD 3 = For a substance piled naturally on a rectangular plate, (2) where W = weight, lb (kg); A and B = the length and width in feet (meters), respectively, of the rectangular plate in Fig. 1b, with B ≤ A; M = a materials factor, whose upper and lower limits are given in Table 19b; and, R = is a factor given in Table 19a as a function of the ratio B / A . W MRA 3 =
D Fig. 1a. Conical Pile
B
A
Fig. 1b. Rectangular Pile
Example: Find the upper and lower limits of the weight of dry ashes piled naturally on a plate 10 ft. in diameter. Using Equation (1), M = 4.58 from Table 19b, the lower limit W = 4.58 3 10 3 = 4,580 lb. For M = 5.89, the upper limit W = 5.89 3 10 3 = 5,890 lb. Example: What weight of dry ashes rests on a rectangular plate 10 ft. by 5 ft.?
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